Methods and compositions for the installation of scientifically engineered and constructed unpaved runways are disclosed herein. The compositions are heterogeneous mixtures produced by blending aliphatic or cyclic organic compounds with binders that chemically react with gravel, aggregate, and soil particles to create permanent bonds, resulting in a strengthened and stabilized surface. When blended into the aggregate of a runway surface, the organic compounds act as a carrier fluid, distributing the binder system evenly so particles of all sizes are thoroughly and uniformly coated with the composition. Once the composition is distributed, an adhesion promoting compound reacts with constituents in the aggregate to increase the formation and strength of chemical bonds between particles.

The embodiments described herein generally relate to methods and chemical compositions for coating substrates with a composition. In one embodiment, an adhesive composition is provided comprising a reaction product of a polyacid selected from the group consisting of an aromatic polyacid, an aliphatic polyacid, an aliphatic polyacid with an aromatic group, and combinations thereof, or a diglycidyl ether; and a polyamine; and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a branched aliphatic acid, a cyclic aliphatic acid with a cyclic aliphatic group, a linear aliphatic, and combinations thereof. The adhesive composition may be used to cover a substrate.

This invention provides low dust low density gypsum wallboard products having high total core void volumes, corresponding to low densities in the range of about 10 to 30 pcf. The wallboards have a set gypsum core formed between two substantially parallel cover sheets, the set gypsum core preferably having a total void volume from about 80% to about 92%, and made from a slurry including stucco, pregelatinized starch, and a naphthalenesulfonate dispersant. The combination of the pregelatinized starch and the naphthalenesulfonate dispersant also provides a glue-like effect in binding the set gypsum crystals together. The wallboard formulation, along with small air bubble voids (and water voids) provides dust control during cutting, sawing, routing, snapping, nailing or screwing down, or drilling of the gypsum-containing products. This invention also provides a method of making the low dust low density gypsum products including the introduction of soap foam in an amount sufficient to form a total void volume, including air voids, preferably from about 80% to about 92% in the set gypsum core, corresponding to a set gypsum core density from about 10 pcf to about 30 pcf. The wallboards produced by the method generate significantly less dust during working.

Methods and compositions for the installation of scientifically engineered and constructed unpaved runways are disclosed herein. The compositions are heterogeneous mixtures produced by blending aliphatic or cyclic organic compounds with binders that chemically react with gravel, aggregate, and soil particles to create permanent bonds, resulting in a strengthened and stabilized surface. When blended into the aggregate of a runway surface, the organic compounds act as a carrier fluid, distributing the binder system evenly so particles of all sizes are thoroughly and uniformly coated with the composition. Once the composition is distributed, an adhesion promoting compound reacts with constituents in the aggregate to increase the formation and strength of chemical bonds between particles.

A composite cementitious feedstock includes mineral rock agglutinates, super absorbent polymer (SAP) particles, cement particles, and a binder. Each of the agglutinates has irregular surface regions and cavities originating at the irregular surface regions. At least a portion of the SAP particles and cement particles are disposed on the irregular surface regions and in the cavities. The binder coheres the agglutinates, SAP particles, and cement particles.

A composite cementitious feedstock includes mineral rock agglutinates, super absorbent polymer (SAP) particles, cement particles, and a binder. Each of the agglutinates has irregular surface regions and cavities originating at the irregular surface regions. At least a portion of the SAP particles and cement particles are disposed on the irregular surface regions and in the cavities. The binder coheres the agglutinates, SAP particles, and cement particles.

A method for producing a dust-reducing and dust-absorbing material from a nonmetallic mineral and a raw material from a cement plant. The method includes calcining the limestone block, to obtain quicklime; cooling the quicklime at ambient temperature, drying and pulverizing the quicklime, to obtain a first powder essentially consisting of a quicklime powder and a calcium carbonate powder; fully drying and grinding a nonmetallic mineral, to obtain a nonmetallic mineral powder; mixing the first powder and the nonmetallic mineral powder, stirring to be uniform, to obtain a mixture, and ball milling the mixture, to obtain a nano-powder; adding a dust-absorbing material to the nano-powder, adding water and mixing, and pouring the resulting mixture into a mold, and stoving; and air drying the resulting mixture, to obtain a cavernous dust-reducing and dust-absorbing material.

The embodiments described herein generally relate to methods and chemical compositions for coating substrates with a composition. In one embodiment, an adhesive composition is provided comprising a reaction product of a polyacid selected from the group consisting of an aromatic polyacid, an aliphatic polyacid, an aliphatic polyacid with an aromatic group, and combinations thereof, or a diglycidyl ether; and a polyamine; and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a branched aliphatic acid, a cyclic aliphatic acid with a cyclic aliphatic group, a linear aliphatic, and combinations thereof.

The invention is directed to compositions and methods for the manufacture of pigmented solids structures for which can be used for construction and/or decoration. Manufacturing comprises fixing one or more pigments to an aggregate material such as crushed rock, stone or sand. The pigmented aggregate is incubated with urease or urease producing microorganisms, an amount of a nitrogen source such as urea, and an amount of calcium source such as calcium chloride forming calcite bridges between particles of aggregate. The resulting solid has a hardness and colorfastness for most any construction material. Using selected aggregate and pigment, the process also provides for the manufacture of simulated-stone materials such as clay or granite bricks or blocks, marble counter-tops, and more. The invention is also directed to composition containing microorganisms and pigment as kits that can be added to most any aggregate materials.

This disclosure describes formulations and methods for dust control, for example, coal topping, a term which refers to the application of liquid products to the top of coal loads, such as those in open topped coal hopper railcars as commonly used today to transport coal. Disclosed herein are asphalt-based emulsion formulations that accomplish dust control during industrial operations in which dust handling is required.