A low-density, high-strength concrete composition that is lightweight and self-compacting or non-self-compacting, with a low weight-fraction of aggregate to total dry raw materials, and a highly-homogenous distribution of a non-absorptive and closed-cell lightweight aggregate such as glass microspheres or copolymer polymer beads or a combination thereof, and the steps of providing the composition or components. Lightweight concretes formed therefrom have low density, high strength-to-weight ratios, and high R-value. The concrete has strength similar to that ordinarily found in structural lightweight concrete but at a lower density, such as an oven-dried density as low as 40 lbs./cu.ft. Such strength-to-density ratios range approximately from above 30 cu.ft/sq.in. to above 110 cu.ft/sq.in., with a 28-day compressive strength ranging from about 3400 to 8000 psi.

The present invention discloses inorganic pelletized perlitic lightweight granules and a preparation process and use thereof. The present invention develops through encapsulation technology a novel type of lightweight particles, namely, inorganic pelletized perlitic lightweight granules comprising expanded perlite as a core material and a cementitious material as a shell material, forming a core-shell structure in which a perlite core is encapsulated in a cementitious shell. The cementitious material including cement and fly ash is coated onto the surface of expanded perlite particles through an encapsulation process by a pelletizer under controlled water spraying. The resulting inorganic pelletized perlitic lightweight granules are lower in cost and easier to produce, and have better fire resistance, higher crushing strength, and better compatibility with concrete. The inorganic pelletized perlitic lightweight granules can overcome the problems of conventional lightweight concrete, such as high water absorption and inconsistent performance.

Lightweight synthetic particles that replace traditional aggregates and methods of producing the same are disclosed herein.

The invention discloses high-strength glass-ceramic-based lightweight aggregates and the preparation method thereof. The mass ratio of raw material components is 50-70 parts of engineering muck, 20-40 parts of glass, 3-7 parts of calcium carbonate, 3-7 parts of magnesium oxide, and 2-10 parts of a nucleating agent; the nucleating agent is at least one of calcium fluoride, titanium dioxide, and chromium oxide. After crushing, mixing, and granulating, spherical particles with a particle size of 10-12 mm are formed; and then the product can be obtained after drying, sintering, and cooling. The obtained lightweight aggregate from the invention has a diopside matrix which provides high strength and a low water absorption rate at low densities. Moreover, waste glass and engineering muck could be utilized with high value.

An aerospace mirror having a reaction bonded (RB) silicon carbide (SiC) mirror substrate, and a SiC cladding on the RB SiC mirror substrate forming an optical surface on a front side of the aerospace mirror. A method for manufacturing an aerospace mirror comprising obtaining a green mirror preform comprising porous carbon, silicon carbide (SiC), or both, the green mirror preform defining a front side of the aerospace mirror and a back side of the aerospace mirror opposite the front side; removing material from the green mirror preform to form support ribs on the back side; infiltrating the green mirror preform with silicon to create a reaction bonded (RB) SiC mirror substrate from the green mirror preform; forming a mounting interface surface on the back side of the aerospace mirror from the RB SiC mirror substrate, and forming a reflector surface of the RB SiC mirror substrate on the front side of the aerospace mirror. Additionally, the method can comprise cladding the reflector surface of the RB SiC mirror substrate with SiC to form an optical surface of the aerospace mirror.

The invention relates to a method for producing supersulfated cement, wherein pozzolanic and hydraulic aluminosilicate components and a calcium-sulfate-alkaline activation complex are mixed together. The calcium-sulfate-alkaline activation complex is produced by carrying out the following successive steps: a first step of mixing 70% by weight of calcium sulfate and 30% by weight of alkaline components; and subsequently; a second step of thermodynamically activating, by hot quenching, the calcium-sulfate-alkaline activation complex; and subsequently; a third step of cold quenching, by rapid mixing, the activated calcium-sulfate-alkaline activation complex with the pozzolanic aluminosilicate components.

Disclosed are a method for separately preparing light magnesium oxide and calcium oxide by using dolomite and an application thereof in preparation of a calcium-magnesium composite expanding agent. In the method for preparing light magnesium oxide and calcium oxide, based on the difference in decomposition temperature between magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate during the calcination and decomposition of dolomite and the difference in the weight of the materials after decomposition, the effective separation of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide is realized by a one-step method, thus separately preparing light magnesium oxide and light calcium oxide. The calcium-magnesium composite expanding agent is prepared by using the foregoing light magnesium oxide and calcium oxide. On the one hand, the present invention solves the problem of the limited origin of the light magnesium oxide raw material of the magnesium expanding component in the calcium-magnesium composite expanding agent.

A method of designing a cement composition may include: minimizing an objective function subject to a plurality of constraints to produce a cement composition including at least one cement component and water; and preparing the cement composition.

A phosphogypsum non-sintered ceramsite light aggregate composed of water and a mixture composed of phosphogypsum, mineral powder and cement. Raw materials of the mixture have weight percentages of phosphogypsum 80-90%, mineral powder 3.3-10%, cement 6.5-10%; the water has a weight of 17% of the total weight of the mixture. A method of preparing the phosphogypsum non-sintered ceramsite light aggregate. The phosphogypsum non-sintered ceramsite light aggregate is prepared by modification, granulation, curing, crushing, sieving and other processes by using phosphogypsum as a main material, cement as an alkaline activator, mineral powder as an active material.

A nanoporous carbon-loaded cement composite that conducts electricity. The nanoporous carbon-loaded cement composite can be used in a variety of different fields of use, including, for example, a structural super-capacitor as an energy solution for autonomous housing and other buildings, a heated cement for pavement deicing or house basement insulation against capillary rise, a protection of concrete against freeze-thaw (FT) or alkali silica reaction (ASR) or other crystallization degradation processes, and as a conductive cable, wire or concrete trace.