Disclosed herein are methods for treating wastewater grit to inactivate any pathogens that are present in the grit and for forming a solidified material comprising wastewater grit such as a chemically bonded phosphate ceramic (CBPC). The CBPC may be utilized in methods for repairing depressions in a road surface that include applying the uncured CBPC to the depression in the road surface and allowing the CBPC to cure.

Disclosed herein are methods for treating wastewater grit to inactivate any pathogens that are present in the grit and for forming a solidified material comprising wastewater grit such as a chemically bonded phosphate ceramic (CBPC). The CBPC may be utilized in methods for repairing depressions in a road surface that include applying the uncured CBPC to the depression in the road surface and allowing the CBPC to cure.

The present disclosure describes a lithium solid state battery, including a cathode that includes an active material such as lithium, and an additive having a lower melting point than the active material. The additive can provide a composite cathode where a cathode-electrolyte interphase has high electronic and ionic conductivity, good mechanical deformability, and high oxidation potential.

The present invention aims to provide a lithium ion-conducting oxide capable of providing a solid electrolyte with an excellent ion conductivity, and a solid electrolyte, a sintered body, an electrode material or an electrode and an all-solid-state battery using the same. The lithium ion-conducting oxide of the present invention includes at least lithium, tantalum, phosphorus, silicon, and oxygen as constituent elements, has a peak in a region of −20.0 ppm to 0.0 ppm on the solid-state .sup.31P-NMR spectrum, and has a peak in a range of −80.0 ppm to −100.0 ppm on the solid-state .sup.29Si-NMR spectrum.

The present invention aims to provide a lithium-ion-conducting oxide sintered body capable of providing a solid electrolyte with an excellent ion conductivity, and a solid electrolyte, an electrode and an all-solid-state battery using the same. The lithium-ion-conducting oxide sintered body including at least lithium, tantalum, phosphorus, silicon, and oxygen as constituent elements, and having a polycrystalline structure consisting of crystal grains and grain interfaces formed between the crystal grains.

Phosphors include a CaAlSiN.sub.3 family crystal phase, wherein the CaAlSiN.sub.3 family crystal phase comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb.

Phosphors include a CaAlSiN.sub.3 family crystal phase, wherein the CaAlSiN.sub.3 family crystal phase comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb.

A solid electrolyte, in which a part of an element contained in a mobile ion-containing material is substituted, and an occupied impurity level that is occupied by electrons or an unoccupied impurity level that is not occupied by electrons is provided between a valence electron band and a conduction band of the mobile ion-containing material, and a smaller energy difference out of an energy difference between a highest level of energy in the occupied impurity level and an energy and a LUMO level difference between a lowest level of energy in the unoccupied impurity level and a HOMO level is greater than 0.3 eV.

A porous refractory cast material contains a closed refractory aggregate fraction having a minimum particle size and a maximum particle size; the ratio of maximum particle size to minimum particle size is 10:1 or less. This closed refractory aggregate fraction comprises all of the porous refractory cast material having a particle diameter greater than 0.1 mm. The porous refractory cast material also contains a binder phase containing refractory selected from calcium aluminate cement, alumina phosphate, hydratable alumina, colloidal silica and combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a metallurgical vessel with an interior lining incorporating the porous refractory cast material.

A porous refractory cast material contains a closed refractory aggregate fraction having a minimum particle size and a maximum particle size; the ratio of maximum particle size to minimum particle size is 10:1 or less. This closed refractory aggregate fraction comprises all of the porous refractory cast material having a particle diameter greater than 0.1 mm. The porous refractory cast material also contains a binder phase containing refractory selected from calcium aluminate cement, alumina phosphate, hydratable alumina, colloidal silica and combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a metallurgical vessel with an interior lining incorporating the porous refractory cast material.