There is provided a thermally conductive sheet having excellent thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the sheet. A thermally conductive sheet comprising expanded graphite; and orientation-controlling particles, wherein at least part of the expanded graphite is oriented in a direction different from a plane direction of the sheet by the orientation-controlling particles.

Disclosed are methods for producing carbon foam in which using the vitrinite reflectance values of coals are used to form a blended coal precursor having a targeted vitrinite reflectance value. The targeted vitrinite reflectance value can be used to create similar carbon foam products from one production batch to the next.

A self-lubricating flexible carbon composite seal includes an annular body formed from a flexible carbon composite.

A reinforced composite comprises: a reinforcement material comprising one or more of the following: a carbon fiber based reinforcing material; a fiberglass based reinforcing material; a metal based reinforcing material; or a ceramic based reinforcing material; and a carbon composite; wherein the carbon composite comprises carbon and a binder containing one or more of the following: SiO.sub.2; Si; B; B.sub.2O.sub.3; a metal; or an alloy of the metal; and wherein the metal is one or more of the following: aluminum; copper; titanium; nickel; tungsten; chromium; iron; manganese; zirconium; hafnium; vanadium; niobium; molybdenum; tin; bismuth; antimony; lead; cadmium; or selenium.

A reinforced composite comprises: a reinforcement material comprising one or more of the following: a carbon fiber based reinforcing material; a fiberglass based reinforcing material; a metal based reinforcing material; or a ceramic based reinforcing material; and a carbon composite; wherein the carbon composite comprises carbon and a binder containing one or more of the following: SiO.sub.2; Si; B; B.sub.2O.sub.3; a metal; or an alloy of the metal; and wherein the metal is one or more of the following: aluminum; copper; titanium; nickel; tungsten; chromium; iron; manganese; zirconium; hafnium; vanadium; niobium; molybdenum; tin; bismuth; antimony; lead; cadmium; or selenium.

The present disclosure provides a wave-to-heat conversion structure. The wave-to-heat conversion structure is a loose tissue formed by a plurality of intersect and hooking fibrous structures. The loose tissue retains a dendritic structure of the fibrous structure, and a plurality of micro-gaps are formed between the fibrous structures. The wave-to-heat conversion structure further includes a heat conductive layer, and the heat conduction coefficient of the heat conductive layer is ranged from about 10 W/m.Math.K to 3000 W/m.Math.K. The present disclosure provides a wave-to-heat conversion spectrum plate using the wave-to-heat conversion structure.

The present disclosure provides a wave-to-heat conversion structure. The wave-to-heat conversion structure is a loose tissue formed by a plurality of intersect and hooking fibrous structures. The loose tissue retains a dendritic structure of the fibrous structure, and a plurality of micro-gaps are formed between the fibrous structures. The wave-to-heat conversion structure further includes a heat conductive layer, and the heat conduction coefficient of the heat conductive layer is ranged from about 10 W/m.Math.K to 3000 W/m.Math.K. The present disclosure provides a wave-to-heat conversion spectrum plate using the wave-to-heat conversion structure.

Flexible graphite foil is produced from thermally expanded graphite. The foil comprises amorphous carbon and exhibits improved tightness and low leakage. The foil with is made of a composition comprising compressed TEG and amorphous carbon, wherein said composition is obtained from intercalated graphite with different graphite matrix oxidation degrees, and said composition comprises amorphous carbon in amounts corresponding to maximum I.sub.D/I.sub.G ratio values, depending on the oxidation degree, where I.sub.G and I.sub.D are scattered radiation intensity peaks in the frequency ranges of 1500-1630 cm.sup.−1 and 1305-1395 cm.sup.−1 for graphite and amorphous carbon, respectively, measured by Raman spectroscopy, depending on the oxidation degree of the above-mentioned intercalated graphite, whereby the maximum I.sub.D/I.sub.G ratio for each oxidation degree is greater than, or equal to, 0.05. Additionally, a sheet material based on such foil, a sealing and a method of the claimed foil production are disclosed.

A method for manufacturing a low cost thermally conductive carbon foam composite utilizing coal as a precursor, or starting material, and natural or synthetic graphite as a thermally conductive additive. Also, a method for manufacturing carbon foam at pressures at-or-near atmospheric pressure.

A method for manufacturing a low cost thermally conductive carbon foam composite utilizing coal as a precursor, or starting material, and natural or synthetic graphite as a thermally conductive additive. Also, a method for manufacturing carbon foam at pressures at-or-near atmospheric pressure.