Disclosed herein are coated gemstones, coatings for gemstones, methods of coating gemstones, and methods of using coatings on gemstones to avoid blemishes on gemstones. In some embodiments, diamonds are functionalized with anchor molecules that bind hydrophilic cyclodextrin molecules to confer hydrophilicity on the diamond. In some embodiments, the diamonds resist dirt and grime build-up.

Disclosed herein are coated gemstones, coatings for gemstones, methods of coating gemstones, and methods of using coatings on gemstones to avoid blemishes on gemstones. In some embodiments, diamonds are functionalized with anchor molecules that bind hydrophilic cyclodextrin molecules to confer hydrophilicity on the diamond. In some embodiments, the diamonds resist dirt and grime build-up.

To provide a liquid material which can only adjust transparency by applying on a part of a zirconia crown having high transparency, without coloring. The present disclosure provides an opaque imparting liquid used for a prosthesis device cut and machined from a dental zirconia for cutting and machining, comprising; (a) 10 to 39 wt. % of a water-soluble aluminum compound and/or a water-soluble lanthanum compound, (b) 60 to 89 wt. % of water, and (c) 1 to 20 wt. % of an organic solvent.

An anticorrosion agent comprising (A) an organosilicon compound of formula (1)
R.sup.1—Si—(OR.sup.2).sub.3  (1)
and (B) an amine compound of formula (2) ##STR00001##
and/or an amine compound of formula (3) ##STR00002##
is applied to steel-reinforced concrete to prevent corrosion of the steel reinforcement.

An anticorrosion agent comprising (A) an organosilicon compound of formula (1)
R.sup.1—Si—(OR.sup.2).sub.3  (1)
and (B) an amine compound of formula (2) ##STR00001##
and/or an amine compound of formula (3) ##STR00002##
is applied to steel-reinforced concrete to prevent corrosion of the steel reinforcement.

A concrete durability protection method is provided, including following steps: Step one: rinsing the concrete surface; Step two: spraying agent A material or alternately spraying agent B material and agent A material at the wet surface of the concrete; Step three: repeating step two. The beneficial effects of the present invention include: nanoscale active silicate penetrates into the concrete surface layer within a certain depth and reacts with free calcium ions within the concrete to form C—S—H crystalline, thereby improving the compactness of the concrete surface layer within a certain depth, repairing defects in the concrete surface layer within a certain depth, such as the capillary interstices, pores, microcracks, etc., so as to effectively improve the durability of concrete. The unreacted nanoscale active silicate material has permanent activity. It could recover its activity when the concrete absorbs moisture, and continue to react with free calcium ions in the concrete to quickly form C—S—H crystals, realizing the permanent concrete durability protection.

A concrete durability protection method is provided, including following steps: Step one: rinsing the concrete surface; Step two: spraying agent A material or alternately spraying agent B material and agent A material at the wet surface of the concrete; Step three: repeating step two. The beneficial effects of the present invention include: nanoscale active silicate penetrates into the concrete surface layer within a certain depth and reacts with free calcium ions within the concrete to form C—S—H crystalline, thereby improving the compactness of the concrete surface layer within a certain depth, repairing defects in the concrete surface layer within a certain depth, such as the capillary interstices, pores, microcracks, etc., so as to effectively improve the durability of concrete. The unreacted nanoscale active silicate material has permanent activity. It could recover its activity when the concrete absorbs moisture, and continue to react with free calcium ions in the concrete to quickly form C—S—H crystals, realizing the permanent concrete durability protection.

The presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) relates generally to a stone paint formulation. More particularly, the presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) relates to a stone paint comprising a composition A and a composition B. The composition A comprises a latex emulsion, a rheology modifier, a coalescing agent, a biocide, a neutralizing agent and a solvent. The composition B comprises a sand. Additionally, the presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) relates to a method of making the stone paint formulation by using the rheology modifier. The stone paint of the presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) has enhanced resistance to water-whitening.

The presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) relates generally to a stone paint formulation. More particularly, the presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) relates to a stone paint comprising a composition A and a composition B. The composition A comprises a latex emulsion, a rheology modifier, a coalescing agent, a biocide, a neutralizing agent and a solvent. The composition B comprises a sand. Additionally, the presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) relates to a method of making the stone paint formulation by using the rheology modifier. The stone paint of the presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) has enhanced resistance to water-whitening.

A glazing, which may be translucent, includes at least one design, which may be transparent. The glazing includes a substrate having two main outer surfaces, at least one of which is a textured surface, made of a dielectric material having a refractive index n1 and at least a part of the textured surface of the substrate is coated with a sol-gel layer made of a dielectric material having a refractive index n2.