Cement-SCM blends employ particle packing principles to increase particle packing density and reduce interstitial spacing between the cement and SCM particles. Particle packing reduces the amount of water required to obtain a cement paste having a desired flow, lowers the water-cementitious material ratio (w/cm), and increases early and long-term strengths. This may be accomplished by providing a hydraulic cement fraction having a narrow PSD and at least one SCM fraction having a mean particle size that differs from the mean particle size of the narrow PSD cement by a multiple of 3.0 or more to yield a cement-SCM blend having a particle packing density of at least 57.0%.

Cement-SCM blends employ particle packing principles to increase particle packing density and reduce interstitial spacing between the cement and SCM particles. Particle packing reduces the amount of water required to obtain a cement paste having a desired flow, lowers the water-cementitious material ratio (w/cm), and increases early and long-term strengths. This may be accomplished by providing a hydraulic cement fraction having a narrow PSD and at least one SCM fraction having a mean particle size that differs from the mean particle size of the narrow PSD cement by a multiple of 3.0 or more to yield a cement-SCM blend having a particle packing density of at least 57.0%.

A packaged additive for preparing a cementitious composition comprises a water-soluble paper container and at least one non-liquid additive packaged within the water-soluble paper container. A kit for preparing a hardenable cementitious composition comprises the packaged additive and a separate packaged base cementitious material. Also disclosed is a method for preparing a hardenable cementitious composition using the packaged additive and separate base cementitious material components of the kit, and a method for repairing a flaw in a cementitious structure using the hardenable cementitious composition prepared with the packaged additive and the separate base cementitious material.

A packaged additive for preparing a cementitious composition comprises a water-soluble paper container and at least one non-liquid additive packaged within the water-soluble paper container. A kit for preparing a hardenable cementitious composition comprises the packaged additive and a separate packaged base cementitious material. Also disclosed is a method for preparing a hardenable cementitious composition using the packaged additive and separate base cementitious material components of the kit, and a method for repairing a flaw in a cementitious structure using the hardenable cementitious composition prepared with the packaged additive and the separate base cementitious material.

[Object] To provide a building material having excellent durability. [Solution] A building material has a convex part formed on a surface thereof, the convex part including a first lateral surface part and a second lateral surface part corresponding to the first lateral surface part. The building material is formed from a mixture containing a hydraulic material, an admixture, and a plant-based reinforcing material, and the plant-based reinforcing material at least in the convex part is distributed in the mixture with the hydraulic material and the admixture attached to the plant-based reinforcing material. A distribution of the plant-based reinforcing material in the first lateral surface part and a distribution of the plant-based reinforcing material in the second lateral surface part are substantially the same. Desirably, the convex part includes a first edge part that is an edge part of the first lateral surface part and a second edge part that is an edge part of the second lateral surface part and that corresponds to the first edge part, and a distribution of holes formed in the first edge part and a distribution of holes formed in the second edge part are substantially the same.

Methods for modifying a recycled fine powder of concrete and uses thereof. A method for modifying a recycled fine powder can include: crushing a collected waste concrete block step by step with a crusher, grinding with a ball mill, and passing through a 100-mesh sieve, to obtain a recycled fine powder with d50 of 13.5 μm; placing the obtained recycled fine powder in a dry environment at a high temperature, drying, then taking out, and cooling to room temperature; preparing tannic acid solutions with different concentrations, mixing the cooled recycled fine powder with the prepared tannic acid solutions, and continuously stirring by a glass rod.

Methods for modifying a recycled fine powder of concrete and uses thereof. A method for modifying a recycled fine powder can include: crushing a collected waste concrete block step by step with a crusher, grinding with a ball mill, and passing through a 100-mesh sieve, to obtain a recycled fine powder with d50 of 13.5 μm; placing the obtained recycled fine powder in a dry environment at a high temperature, drying, then taking out, and cooling to room temperature; preparing tannic acid solutions with different concentrations, mixing the cooled recycled fine powder with the prepared tannic acid solutions, and continuously stirring by a glass rod.

A manufacturing process of a concrete product includes: (1) extracting calcium from solids as portlandite; (2) forming a cementitious slurry including the portlandite; (3) shaping the cementitious slurry into a structural component; and (4) exposing the structural component to carbon dioxide sourced from a flue gas stream, thereby forming the concrete product.

A manufacturing process of a concrete product includes: (1) extracting calcium from solids as portlandite; (2) forming a cementitious slurry including the portlandite; (3) shaping the cementitious slurry into a structural component; and (4) exposing the structural component to carbon dioxide sourced from a flue gas stream, thereby forming the concrete product.

A manufacturing process of a concrete product includes: (1) extracting calcium from solids as portlandite; (2) forming a cementitious slurry including the portlandite; (3) shaping the cementitious slurry into a structural component; and (4) exposing the structural component to carbon dioxide sourced from a flue gas stream, thereby forming the concrete product.