A compound of Formula I,

##STR00001##

is disclosed. In Formula I, M is Pd or Pt; each of X.sup.1 to X.sup.12 is C or N; each of X.sup.13 and X.sup.14 is CH, CD or N; each of Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, and Z.sup.3 is C or N; L.sup.1 is selected from a variety of bivalent linkers; X is selected from O, S, Se, NR′, and CR″R′″; each R, R′, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.A, R.sup.B, R.sup.C, R.sup.D, and R.sup.E is hydrogen or a General Substituent; at least one of Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, and Z.sup.3 is a carbon atom substituted with a substituent with a molecular weight of at least 16. Formulations, OLEDs, and consumer products that include Formula I are also disclosed.

A compound of Formula I,

##STR00001##

is disclosed. In Formula I, M is Pd or Pt; each of X.sup.1 to X.sup.12 is C or N; each of X.sup.13 and X.sup.14 is CH, CD or N; each of Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, and Z.sup.3 is C or N; L.sup.1 is selected from a variety of bivalent linkers; X is selected from O, S, Se, NR′, and CR″R′″; each R, R′, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.A, R.sup.B, R.sup.C, R.sup.D, and R.sup.E is hydrogen or a General Substituent; at least one of Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, and Z.sup.3 is a carbon atom substituted with a substituent with a molecular weight of at least 16. Formulations, OLEDs, and consumer products that include Formula I are also disclosed.

The invention provides compositions or pharmaceutical compositions of novel high penetration compositions (HPC) of a parent compound, which are capable of crossing biological barriers with high penetration efficiency. The HPCs are capable of being converted to parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds such as metabolites after crossing one or more biological barriers and thus can render treatments for the conditions that the parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds can. Additionally, the HPCs are capable of reaching areas that their parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds may not be able to access or to render a sufficient concentration at the target areas and therefore render novel treatments. For example, HPCs of NSAIA have demonstrated indications such as treating hair loss and bold. A HPC can be administered to a subject through various administration routes, e.g., locally delivered to an action site of a condition with a high concentration or systematically administered to a biological subject and enter the general circulation with a faster rate.

The invention provides compositions or pharmaceutical compositions of novel high penetration compositions (HPC) of a parent compound, which are capable of crossing biological barriers with high penetration efficiency. The HPCs are capable of being converted to parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds such as metabolites after crossing one or more biological barriers and thus can render treatments for the conditions that the parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds can. Additionally, the HPCs are capable of reaching areas that their parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds may not be able to access or to render a sufficient concentration at the target areas and therefore render novel treatments. For example, HPCs of NSAIA have demonstrated indications such as treating hair loss and bold. A HPC can be administered to a subject through various administration routes, e.g., locally delivered to an action site of a condition with a high concentration or systematically administered to a biological subject and enter the general circulation with a faster rate.

A composition for manufacturing an organic electronic device includes at least three organic functional materials H1, H2, and H3, and at least one organic solvent. The organic functional materials H1 and H2 can form a type II semiconductor heterojunction structure. A LUMO value of the organic functional material H3 is greater than or equal to that of the organic functional materials H1 and H2, and a HOMO value thereof is less than or equal to that of the organic functional materials H1 and H2.

A compound represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001##

The R.sup.1 to R.sup.9, L.sup.1 to L.sup.3, and Ar.sup.1 to Ar.sup.2 in the formula (1) are as defined in the description. An organic electroluminescence device contains the compound, and an electronic instrument includes the organic electroluminescence device.

A compound represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001##

The R.sup.1 to R.sup.9, L.sup.1 to L.sup.3, and Ar.sup.1 to Ar.sup.2 in the formula (1) are as defined in the description. An organic electroluminescence device contains the compound, and an electronic instrument includes the organic electroluminescence device.

Provided are a family of chromophores including naphthyl or naphthyl-like carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings as luminescent dyes that can be useful as emitters in OLEDs. These compounds have Formula I,

##STR00001##

Also provided are formulations including these inventive compounds. Further provided are OLEDs and related consumer products that utilize these inventive compounds.

Provided are a family of chromophores including naphthyl or naphthyl-like carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings as luminescent dyes that can be useful as emitters in OLEDs. These compounds have Formula I,

##STR00001##

Also provided are formulations including these inventive compounds. Further provided are OLEDs and related consumer products that utilize these inventive compounds.

High penetration compositions (HPC) of a parent compound, which are capable of crossing biological barriers with high penetration efficiency. The HPCs are capable of being converted to parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds such as metabolites after crossing one or more biological barriers and thus can render treatments for the conditions that the parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds can. Additionally, the HPCs are capable of reaching areas that their parent drugs or parent drug-related compounds may not be able to access or to render a sufficient concentration at the target areas HPCs of NSAIA, for example, have demonstrated indications such as treating hair loss. A HPC can be administered to a subject through various administration routes, e.g., locally delivered to an action site of a condition with a high concentration or systematically administered to a biological subject and enter the general circulation with a faster rate.