The object is to selectively separate a linear compound from a treatment subject containing linear and alicyclic compounds as double bond-containing hydrocarbon compounds in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine. A method of separating a double bond-containing linear hydrocarbon in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine includes bringing a treatment subject containing a double bond-containing linear hydrocarbon in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine and a double bond-containing alicyclic hydrocarbon in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine into contact with at least one amine compound selected from the group consisting of a heterocyclic aromatic amine compound and a tertiary amine represented by a formula: NR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3 (R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are each independently an alkyl group, and two thereof may in combination form an alkylene group that is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulfur).

The object is to selectively separate a linear compound from a treatment subject containing linear and alicyclic compounds as double bond-containing hydrocarbon compounds in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine. A method of separating a double bond-containing linear hydrocarbon in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine includes bringing a treatment subject containing a double bond-containing linear hydrocarbon in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine and a double bond-containing alicyclic hydrocarbon in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine into contact with at least one amine compound selected from the group consisting of a heterocyclic aromatic amine compound and a tertiary amine represented by a formula: NR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3 (R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are each independently an alkyl group, and two thereof may in combination form an alkylene group that is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulfur).

The object is to selectively separate a linear compound from a treatment subject containing linear and alicyclic compounds as double bond-containing hydrocarbon compounds in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine. A method of separating a double bond-containing linear hydrocarbon in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine includes bringing a treatment subject containing a double bond-containing linear hydrocarbon in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine and a double bond-containing alicyclic hydrocarbon in which every hydrogen is replaced with fluorine or chlorine into contact with at least one amine compound selected from the group consisting of a heterocyclic aromatic amine compound and a tertiary amine represented by a formula: NR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3 (R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are each independently an alkyl group, and two thereof may in combination form an alkylene group that is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulfur).

A radiative cooling device, and a method of manufacturing the same, includes a reflective layer disposed on a substrate and responsible for reflecting sunlight having wavelengths corresponding to ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared regions; and a radiative cooling layer disposed on the reflective layer and responsible for absorbing sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a mid-infrared region and emitting the sunlight as heat, wherein the radiative cooling layer includes a first radiation layer including an uneven pattern; and a second radiation layer disposed on the first radiation layer and having a refractive index different from that of the first radiation layer.

Heterogenous azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions comprising 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFCO-1233xf) and water which may include from about 0.09 wt. % to about 92.69 wt. % 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFCO-1233xf) and from about 7.31 wt. % to about 99.91 wt. % water and having a boiling point between about 12.0° C. and about 13.6° C. at a pressure of between about 12.5 psia and about 16.5 psia. The azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions may be used to separate impurities, including water, from 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFCO-1233xf).

Heterogenous azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions comprising 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFCO-1233xf) and water which may include from about 0.09 wt. % to about 92.69 wt. % 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFCO-1233xf) and from about 7.31 wt. % to about 99.91 wt. % water and having a boiling point between about 12.0° C. and about 13.6° C. at a pressure of between about 12.5 psia and about 16.5 psia. The azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions may be used to separate impurities, including water, from 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFCO-1233xf).

Disclosed is a process for the production of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233zd) which includes reacting a propane feedstock comprising tetrachlorofluoropropanes, trichlorodifluoropropanes, dichlorotrifluoropropanes, or a mixture thereof, in the presence of a solid catalyst. The process generally comprises the following four steps: (i) providing a propane feedstock comprising trichlorodifluoropropanes and dichlorotrifluoropropanes, (ii) reacting the feedstock in a vapor phase reactor in the presence of HF and in the presence of a solid catalyst under conditions effective to form a product stream comprising HCFO-1233zd and unconverted starting materials, (iii) recovering or removing HCl and HF, and (iv) isolating HCFO-1233zd(E), HCFO-1233zd(Z), or both.

The solid composite stabilizer for PCE includes the following components in parts by weight: 10 to 30 parts of a phenol-substituted ion-exchange resin, 50 to 80 parts of a basic anion-exchange resin, and 50 to 100 parts of a desiccating agent. The phenol-substituted ion-exchange resin is chloromethylated macroporous polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) substituted by a phenolic compound; and the basic anion-exchange resin is chloromethylated macroporous PS-DVB substituted by an amine compound. The preparation method includes the following step: thoroughly mixing the phenol-substituted ion-exchange resin, the basic anion-exchange resin, and the desiccating agent in a specified ratio to obtain the solid composite stabilizer for PCE. The solid composite stabilizer for PCE is packaged in a glass fiber bag and placed in PCE for storage and use.

The solid composite stabilizer for PCE includes the following components in parts by weight: 10 to 30 parts of a phenol-substituted ion-exchange resin, 50 to 80 parts of a basic anion-exchange resin, and 50 to 100 parts of a desiccating agent. The phenol-substituted ion-exchange resin is chloromethylated macroporous polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) substituted by a phenolic compound; and the basic anion-exchange resin is chloromethylated macroporous PS-DVB substituted by an amine compound. The preparation method includes the following step: thoroughly mixing the phenol-substituted ion-exchange resin, the basic anion-exchange resin, and the desiccating agent in a specified ratio to obtain the solid composite stabilizer for PCE. The solid composite stabilizer for PCE is packaged in a glass fiber bag and placed in PCE for storage and use.

Provided is a composition that contains a fluoroethylene having one or more fluorine atoms, the composition having excellent stability of the fluoroethylene. The fluoroethylene composition of the present disclosure contains a fluoroethylene having one or more fluorine atoms, water, and oxygen, the composition having a water content of 100 mass ppm or less based on the mass of the fluoroethylene, and an oxygen content of 0.35 mol % or less based on the fluoroethylene. The fluoroethylene composition has excellent stability of fluoroethylene.