Methods, systems, and computer readable media may be operable to facilitate an anticipation of an execution of a process termination tool. An allocation stall counter may be queried at a certain frequency, and from the query of the allocation stall counter, a number of allocation stall counter increments occurring over a certain duration of time may be determined. If the number of allocation stall counter increments is greater than a threshold, a determination may be made that system memory is running low and that an execution of a process termination tool is imminent. In response to the determination that system memory is running low, a flag indicating that system memory is running low may be set, and one or more programs, in response to reading the flag, may free memory that is not necessary or required for execution.

The present disclosure describes a method of coupling a first compound to a second compound, the method comprising: providing the first compound having a fluorosulfonate substituent; providing the second compound comprising an alkene; and reacting the first compound and the second compound in a reaction mixture, the reaction mixture including a catalyst having at least one group 10 atom, the reaction mixture under conditions effective to couple the first compound to the second compound.

The present disclosure describes a method of coupling a first compound to a second compound, the method comprising: providing the first compound having a fluorosulfonate substituent; providing the second compound comprising an alkene; and reacting the first compound and the second compound in a reaction mixture, the reaction mixture including a catalyst having at least one group 10 atom, the reaction mixture under conditions effective to couple the first compound to the second compound.

Alkane multi-sulfonic acids and salts thereof are provided. In embodiments, an alkane multi-sulfonic acid or salt thereof comprises an alkyl group and at least two sulfonic acid groups, the alkane multi-sulfonic acid having a total number of carbon atoms of from 2 to 9, wherein the alkane multi-sulfonic acid does not comprise a halogen.

Haloalkane sulfonic acids and salts thereof are provided. In embodiments, a haloalkane sulfonic acid or salt thereof comprises an alkyl group, at least one sulfonic acid group, and one or more halogens selected from Cl, Br, I, and F, the haloalkane sulfonic acid having a total number of carbon atoms of from 2 to 9, and wherein if at least one F atom is present, the haloalkane sulfonic acid comprises at least one other halogen selected from Cl, Br, and I. Methods of making and using the haloalkane sulfonic acids/salts are also provided.

Provided herein is a compound of formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-8 alkyl, C.sub.1-8 heteroalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-10 membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, C.sub.6-10 aryl, and 5-10 membered heteroaryl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S; each X is independently selected from OH, PAr.sub.2, P(O)Ar.sub.2, OPAr.sub.2, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-10 membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S or each X together form O.sub.2PNR.sub.2; Ar is C.sub.6-10aryl; and each R is independently selected from hydrogen and C.sub.1-8 alkyl. Also provided are methods of making and using the compound of formula (I).

Provided herein is a compound of formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-8 alkyl, C.sub.1-8 heteroalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-10 membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, C.sub.6-10 aryl, and 5-10 membered heteroaryl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S; each X is independently selected from OH, PAr.sub.2, P(O)Ar.sub.2, OPAr.sub.2, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-10 membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S or each X together form O.sub.2PNR.sub.2; Ar is C.sub.6-10aryl; and each R is independently selected from hydrogen and C.sub.1-8 alkyl. Also provided are methods of making and using the compound of formula (I).

Methods, systems, and computer readable media may be operable to facilitate an anticipation of an execution of a process termination tool. An allocation stall counter may be queried at a certain frequency, and from the query of the allocation stall counter, a number of allocation stall counter increments occurring over a certain duration of time may be determined. If the number of allocation stall counter increments is greater than a threshold, a determination may be made that system memory is running low and that an execution of a process termination tool is imminent. In response to the determination that system memory is running low, a flag indicating that system memory is running low may be set, and one or more programs, in response to reading the flag, may free memory that is not necessary or required for execution.

Provided herein is a compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-8 alkyl, C.sub.1-8 heteroalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-10 membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, C.sub.6-10 aryl, and 5-10 membered heteroaryl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S; each X is independently selected from OH, PAr.sub.2, P(O)Ar.sub.2, OPAr.sub.2, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-10 membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S or each X together form O.sub.2PNR.sub.2; Ar is C.sub.6-10aryl; and each R is independently selected from hydrogen and C.sub.1-8 alkyl. Also provided are methods of making and using the compound of formula (I).

Provided herein is a compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-8 alkyl, C.sub.1-8 heteroalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-10 membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S, C.sub.6-10 aryl, and 5-10 membered heteroaryl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S; each X is independently selected from OH, PAr.sub.2, P(O)Ar.sub.2, OPAr.sub.2, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, 3-10 membered heterocycloalkyl having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, and S or each X together form O.sub.2PNR.sub.2; Ar is C.sub.6-10aryl; and each R is independently selected from hydrogen and C.sub.1-8 alkyl. Also provided are methods of making and using the compound of formula (I).