Provided herein are methods for the production of glycopyrronium tosylate and glycopyrronium tosylate compositions. Also provided herein are compositions useful in the production of glycopyrronium tosylate. Additionally provided herein are glycopyrronium tosylate compositions. Glycopyrronium tosylate is useful for the treatment of, among other conditions, hyperhidrosis.

Provided herein are methods for the production of glycopyrronium tosylate and glycopyrronium tosylate compositions. Also provided herein are compositions useful in the production of glycopyrronium tosylate. Additionally provided herein are glycopyrronium tosylate compositions. Glycopyrronium tosylate is useful for the treatment of, among other conditions, hyperhidrosis.

Disclosed are a salt represented by formula (I), an acid generator, and a resist composition comprising the same:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent a hydroxy group, *—O—R.sup.10, *—O-L.sup.10-CO—O—R.sup.10; L.sup.10 represents an alkanediyl group; R.sup.10 represents an acid-labile group; R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 each represent a halogen atom, a haloalkyl group or a hydrocarbon group; A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 each represent a hydrocarbon group, the hydrocarbon group may have a substituent, and —CH.sub.2— included in the hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO.sub.2—; m1 represents an integer of 1 to 5, m2 and m8 represent an integer of 0 to 5, m4, m5 and m7 represent an integer of 0 to 4, 1≤m1+m7≤5, 0≤m2+m8≤5; and AI.sup.− represents an organic anion.

The present invention provides a process for purifying a monoterpene or sesquiterpene having a purity greater than about 98.5% (w/w). The process comprises the steps of derivatizing the monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) to produce a monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) derivative, separating the monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) derivative, and releasing the monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) from the derivative. Also encompassed by the scope of the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) having a purity greater than about 98.5% (w/w). The purified monoterpene can be used to treat a disease such as cancer. The present monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) may be administered alone, or may be co-administered with radiation or other therapeutic agents, such as chemotherapeutic agents.

The present invention provides a process for purifying a monoterpene or sesquiterpene having a purity greater than about 98.5% (w/w). The process comprises the steps of derivatizing the monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) to produce a monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) derivative, separating the monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) derivative, and releasing the monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) from the derivative. Also encompassed by the scope of the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) having a purity greater than about 98.5% (w/w). The purified monoterpene can be used to treat a disease such as cancer. The present monoterpene (or sesquiterpene) may be administered alone, or may be co-administered with radiation or other therapeutic agents, such as chemotherapeutic agents.

A resist composition comprising a sulfonium salt of a carboxylic acid having a nitro-substituted benzene ring is provided. The carboxylic acid is free of iodine and bromine, and when the benzene ring is fluorinated, the number of fluorine atoms is up to 3. The resist composition offers a high sensitivity, reduced LWR and improved CDU independent of whether it is of positive or negative tone.

A resist composition comprising a sulfonium salt of a carboxylic acid having a nitro-substituted benzene ring is provided. The carboxylic acid is free of iodine and bromine, and when the benzene ring is fluorinated, the number of fluorine atoms is up to 3. The resist composition offers a high sensitivity, reduced LWR and improved CDU independent of whether it is of positive or negative tone.

A diamine monomer compound with a structural formula of

##STR00001##

wherein n.sub.1 is an integer greater than 1, forms the basis of a dielectric material with reduced dielectric losses for improved signals transmission. A method for preparing the compound, a polyimide resin made from the compound, a flexible film, and an electronic device including the polyimide resin are also disclosed. The compound has a long but flexible even numbered carbon chain and a liquid crystal unit structure. The reduced regularity and rigidity of the molecular chain make the polyimide resin convenient for film-forming. Dimensional stability is improved, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the materials is reduced, and the materials have good mechanical and thermal properties, the electron loss factor and coefficient of thermal expansion of the materials being reduced.

A diamine monomer compound with a structural formula of

##STR00001##

wherein n.sub.1 is an integer greater than 1, forms the basis of a dielectric material with reduced dielectric losses for improved signals transmission. A method for preparing the compound, a polyimide resin made from the compound, a flexible film, and an electronic device including the polyimide resin are also disclosed. The compound has a long but flexible even numbered carbon chain and a liquid crystal unit structure. The reduced regularity and rigidity of the molecular chain make the polyimide resin convenient for film-forming. Dimensional stability is improved, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the materials is reduced, and the materials have good mechanical and thermal properties, the electron loss factor and coefficient of thermal expansion of the materials being reduced.

The disclosure is directed to cocrystals of fasoracetam, including R-fasoracetam, and various coformers. Crystalline materials comprising fasoracetam, including R-fasoracetam, are also provided. The disclosure further includes pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment of the cocrystals and crystalline materials of the disclosure.