The triarylamine compound is represented by the following general formula (1), and the material, the optical element, and the optical apparatus each include a polymerized product (cured product) of the triarylamine compound. ##STR00001##
(In the general formula (1), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, the alkylene group having a polymerizable functional group, and R.sup.3 to R.sup.12 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having a polymerizable functional group, and a polymerizable functional group, provided that at least one of R.sup.3 to R.sup.12 represents an electron-withdrawing group, and at least one of R.sup.1 to R.sup.12 has a polymerizable functional group.)

Branched urethane methacrylate compounds are useful as backbone resins for increasing the performance of a fastening material. Furthermore, reactive resins and reactive resin components containing such compounds are useful for chemical fastening.

Branched urethane methacrylate compounds are useful as backbone resins for increasing the performance of a fastening material. Furthermore, reactive resins and reactive resin components containing such compounds are useful for chemical fastening.

The present disclosure provides adamantyl compounds having one or more amine groups and one or more nitrate groups. The aminoadamantyl nitrate compounds can be used to treat disorders of the central nervous system, including neurodegenerative and non-neurodegenerative diseases.

The present disclosure provides adamantyl compounds having one or more amine groups and one or more nitrate groups. The aminoadamantyl nitrate compounds can be used to treat disorders of the central nervous system, including neurodegenerative and non-neurodegenerative diseases.

One aspect of the invention provides a composition of novel high penetration compositions (HPC) or a high penetration prodrug (HPP) for treatment of Parkinson's disease. The HPCs/HPPs are capable of being converted to parent active drugs or drug metabolites after crossing the biological barrier and thus can render treatments for the conditions that the parent drugs or metabolites can. Additionally, the HPPs are capable of reaching areas that parent drugs may not be able to access or to render a sufficient concentration at the target areas and therefore render novel treatments. The HPCs/HPPs can be administered to a subject through various administration routes, e.g., locally delivered to an action site of a condition with a high concentration or systematically administered to a biological subject and enter the general circulation with a faster rate.

One aspect of the invention provides a composition of novel high penetration compositions (HPC) or a high penetration prodrug (HPP) for treatment of Parkinson's disease. The HPCs/HPPs are capable of being converted to parent active drugs or drug metabolites after crossing the biological barrier and thus can render treatments for the conditions that the parent drugs or metabolites can. Additionally, the HPPs are capable of reaching areas that parent drugs may not be able to access or to render a sufficient concentration at the target areas and therefore render novel treatments. The HPCs/HPPs can be administered to a subject through various administration routes, e.g., locally delivered to an action site of a condition with a high concentration or systematically administered to a biological subject and enter the general circulation with a faster rate.

To provide an electrochromic element, which contains: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an electrolyte provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first electrode contains a polymer product obtained through polymerization of an electrochromic composition where the electrochromic composition contains a radical polymerizable compound containing triarylamine.

To provide an electrochromic element, which contains: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an electrolyte provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first electrode contains a polymer product obtained through polymerization of an electrochromic composition where the electrochromic composition contains a radical polymerizable compound containing triarylamine.

Provided is an addition-fragmentation agent of the formula (I) where R.sup.amine comprises a tertiary amine group; R.sup.2 linking group of valence a+2; Z is an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable group; and subscript a is 0 or 1.

##STR00001##