Provided are methods to destabilize emulsion feedstocks. In the methods, a moderate temperature is applied to the feedstock to create a first mixture. The moderate temperature may be between 120 and 220 degrees Celsius. The first mixture is mixed at the moderate temperature, such as by staged mixing in some embodiments. Moreover, the first mixture is retained at the moderate temperature for up to six hours. The first mixture is separated into an oil phase, convoluted phase, and a water phase. In some embodiments, the moderate temperature may be 125 to 150 degrees Celsius, such as between 125 and 130 degrees Celsius. Moreover, the first mixture may be retained at the moderate temperature for between forty-five minutes and four hours, such as from two to four hours. The separation may occur at the moderate temperature.

Provided are methods to destabilize emulsion feedstocks. In the methods, a moderate temperature is applied to the feedstock to create a first mixture. The moderate temperature may be between 120 and 220 degrees Celsius. The first mixture is mixed at the moderate temperature, such as by staged mixing in some embodiments. Moreover, the first mixture is retained at the moderate temperature for up to six hours. The first mixture is separated into an oil phase, convoluted phase, and a water phase. In some embodiments, the moderate temperature may be 125 to 150 degrees Celsius, such as between 125 and 130 degrees Celsius. Moreover, the first mixture may be retained at the moderate temperature for between forty-five minutes and four hours, such as from two to four hours. The separation may occur at the moderate temperature.

A control device performs control of a culture condition in production of an organic compound by a fermentation method. The control device executes processing a plurality of times to acquire culture data, to calculate, using the acquired culture data, a plurality of candidates for a culture condition set in advance, and a linear model set in advance that outputs a production amount of an organic compound at a future time, the production amount at the future time for each of the candidates, to determine an optimum candidate out of the candidates using the calculated production amount at the future time for each of the candidates and a target production amount of the organic compound at the future time set in advance, and to change the culture condition to the determined candidate. The linear model and the target production amount are set for each time.

A control device performs control of a culture condition in production of an organic compound by a fermentation method. The control device executes processing a plurality of times to acquire culture data, to calculate, using the acquired culture data, a plurality of candidates for a culture condition set in advance, and a linear model set in advance that outputs a production amount of an organic compound at a future time, the production amount at the future time for each of the candidates, to determine an optimum candidate out of the candidates using the calculated production amount at the future time for each of the candidates and a target production amount of the organic compound at the future time set in advance, and to change the culture condition to the determined candidate. The linear model and the target production amount are set for each time.

Provided are methods to destabilize emulsion feedstocks. Benefits of the provided methods include a reducing or eliminating the amount of acid necessary to process the feedstocks, less processing time, cleaner separation of the resulting phases, and increased recovery of valuable products. In the methods, a moderate temperature is applied to the feedstock to create a first mixture. The moderate temperature may be between 120 and 220 degrees Celsius. The first mixture is mixed at the moderate temperature, such as by staged mixing in some embodiments. Moreover, the first mixture is retained at the moderate temperature for up to six hours. The first mixture is separated into an oil phase, convoluted phase, and a water phase. In some embodiments, the moderate temperature may be 125 to 150 degrees Celsius, such as between 125 and 130 degrees Celsius. Moreover, the first mixture may be retained at the moderate temperature for between forty-five minutes and four hours, such as from two to four hours. The separation may occur at the moderate temperature.

The present invention provides methods of processing lipid materials such as soapstock, wet gums and dry gums. Enzymes are utilized to catalyze hydrolysis of the lipids materials to recover fatty acids. Addition of organic acids and/or polyols improved yield of fatty acids and reduced formation of emulsion. Lipid materials can be formulated with other agricultural products as new value-added animal feed products. Further, a process for concentrating nitrogenous compounds such as choline, inositol, ethanolamine and serine from phospholipid materials obtained as byproducts from vegetable oil refining is provided. The process involves performing hydrolysis of the gum based products in the presence of an alcoholic solvent and acid catalyst. Post hydrolysis, gums breakdown to oil and water phases which are further separated and concentrated. These concentrated products may be further fractionated to concentrate individual nitrogenous compounds.

The present invention provides methods of processing lipid materials such as soapstock, wet gums and dry gums. Enzymes are utilized to catalyze hydrolysis of the lipids materials to recover fatty acids. Addition of organic acids and/or polyols improved yield of fatty acids and reduced formation of emulsion. Lipid materials can be formulated with other agricultural products as new value-added animal feed products. Further, a process for concentrating nitrogenous compounds such as choline, inositol, ethanolamine and serine from phospholipid materials obtained as byproducts from vegetable oil refining is provided. The process involves performing hydrolysis of the gum based products in the presence of an alcoholic solvent and acid catalyst. Post hydrolysis, gums breakdown to oil and water phases which are further separated and concentrated. These concentrated products may be further fractionated to concentrate individual nitrogenous compounds.

Esterquats find major applications as fabric softeners. After Tallow fatty acids and Palm oil fatty acids, fatty acids from sustainable sources like Rice bran fatty acids (RBFA) are desired. RBFA is formed as a by-product during refining of Rice bran oil and hence it is contained in the non edible portion of the oil. The production of high quality esterquats from this by-product is challenging, but the invention describes a process to produce high quality esterquats having low odour and a low acid value. This enhances easy formulation of various products and better customer acceptance. Liquid esterquats produced from RBFA enable e.g. cold processing for fabric softener formulations.

Esterquats find major applications as fabric softeners. After Tallow fatty acids and Palm oil fatty acids, fatty acids from sustainable sources like Rice bran fatty acids (RBFA) are desired. RBFA is formed as a by-product during refining of Rice bran oil and hence it is contained in the non edible portion of the oil. The production of high quality esterquats from this by-product is challenging, but the invention describes a process to produce high quality esterquats having low odour and a low acid value. This enhances easy formulation of various products and better customer acceptance. Liquid esterquats produced from RBFA enable e.g. cold processing for fabric softener formulations.

The present invention discloses a hypocrellin derivative substituted both in a pen-position and in a 2-position by an amino, and a preparation method and use thereof. A general structural formula of the derivative is as represented by formulas I-a to I-d: ##STR00001## The hypocrellin derivative substituted both in a peri-position and in a 2-position by an amino prepared in the present invention has a maximum absorption wavelength of 600-650 nm and a molar extinction coefficient reaching about 20000-40000 M.sup.−1cm.sup.−1. Compared with unmodified hypocrellin or hypocrellin having only a 2-position modified, an absorption spectrum of the derivative is significantly red-shifted and the molar extinction coefficient is greatly improved, and the derivative can efficiently produce reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen in a photosensitive condition. In the same condition, the hypocrellin derivative substituted both in a pen-position and in a 2-position by an amino involved in the present invention, when used as a photosensitizer, has a stronger ability to photo-dynamically inactivate tumor cells than the first and second generation commercial photosensitizers.