Provided are certain histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors of Formula I, compositions thereof, and methods of their use. ##STR00001##

Provided are certain histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors of Formula I, compositions thereof, and methods of their use. ##STR00001##

Disclosed is a novel adamantine derivative compound, an isomer thereof, pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, prodrug thereof, hydrate thereof or a solvate thereof. Also disclosed is a method for preparing a novel adamantine derivative compound, an isomer thereof, pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, prodrug thereof, hydrate thereof or a solvate thereof. The novel adamantane derivative compound or the like has an excellent anti-androgenic effect.

A cooling agent composition includes a methyl menthol derivative represented by the following general formula (1). In the formula (1), a symbol * indicates an asymmetric carbon atom, X represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and Y represents an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. ##STR00001##

A cooling agent composition includes a methyl menthol derivative represented by the following general formula (1). In the formula (1), a symbol * indicates an asymmetric carbon atom, X represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and Y represents an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. ##STR00001##

RhlR modulators including agonist and antagonists which are useful for modulating QS phenotypes in Gram-negative bacteria. Certain compounds of general formula A-W-HG having various carbocyclic ad heterocyclic head groups (HG) and various tail groups (A), where —W— is —CO—NH—, —SO.sub.2—NH—, —CO—NH—CH.sub.2—, or —SO.sub.2—NH—CH.sub.2— are RhlR agonists or antagonists. The compounds are useful in methods of modulating quorum sensing in Gram-negative bacteria, particularly in Pseudomonas. Compositions including certain RhlR modulators are useful for decreasing the virulence of Gram-negative bacteria. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising certain RhlR modulators are useful for treatment of infections of Gram-negative bacteria.

RhlR modulators including agonist and antagonists which are useful for modulating QS phenotypes in Gram-negative bacteria. Certain compounds of general formula A-W-HG having various carbocyclic ad heterocyclic head groups (HG) and various tail groups (A), where —W— is —CO—NH—, —SO.sub.2—NH—, —CO—NH—CH.sub.2—, or —SO.sub.2—NH—CH.sub.2— are RhlR agonists or antagonists. The compounds are useful in methods of modulating quorum sensing in Gram-negative bacteria, particularly in Pseudomonas. Compositions including certain RhlR modulators are useful for decreasing the virulence of Gram-negative bacteria. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising certain RhlR modulators are useful for treatment of infections of Gram-negative bacteria.

Compounds of formula (I):

##STR00001##

where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4a, R.sup.4b, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are defined herein, or stereoisomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are described herein. Such compounds have activity as SHIP1 modulators, and thus may be used to treat any of a variety of diseases, disorders or conditions that would benefit from SHIP1 modulation. Compositions comprising a compound of formula (I) in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent are also disclosed, as are methods of SHIP1 modulation by administration of such compounds to an animal in need thereof.

A method for detecting phospholipase D (PLD) activity in a cell, comprising: (i) stimulating endogenous PLD in said cell for said PLD to catalyze a transphosphatidylation reaction between phosphatidylcholine or a derivative thereof and an exogenous functionalized alcohol to form a phosphatidyl alcohol, wherein the functionalized alcohol possesses a first functional group that can react with and form a bond to a functionalized detectable label having a second functional group reactive with the first functional group, and said phosphatidyl alcohol contains said first functional group in available form; (ii) reacting said phosphatidyl alcohol with said functionalized detectable label under conditions where said functionalized detectable label reacts, via its second functional group, with the first functional group to form a linkage between said detectable label and said phosphatidyl alcohol so as to form a labeled phosphatidyl alcohol containing said detectable label; and (iii) detecting said labeled phosphatidyl alcohol.

A method for detecting phospholipase D (PLD) activity in a cell, comprising: (i) stimulating endogenous PLD in said cell for said PLD to catalyze a transphosphatidylation reaction between phosphatidylcholine or a derivative thereof and an exogenous functionalized alcohol to form a phosphatidyl alcohol, wherein the functionalized alcohol possesses a first functional group that can react with and form a bond to a functionalized detectable label having a second functional group reactive with the first functional group, and said phosphatidyl alcohol contains said first functional group in available form; (ii) reacting said phosphatidyl alcohol with said functionalized detectable label under conditions where said functionalized detectable label reacts, via its second functional group, with the first functional group to form a linkage between said detectable label and said phosphatidyl alcohol so as to form a labeled phosphatidyl alcohol containing said detectable label; and (iii) detecting said labeled phosphatidyl alcohol.