A method of producing a fuel additive includes: passing a raffinate stream comprising C4 hydrocarbons through a hydrogenation unit, forming a first process stream; passing the first process stream through an extractive distillation unit, forming a C4 olefin stream; passing the C4 olefin stream through a stripper column, forming a purified C4 olefin stream; and forming the fuel additive by passing the purified C4 olefin stream through a hydration unit.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for oxygen-free direct conversion of methane and a method of converting methane using the same, and more particularly to a catalyst for oxygen-free direct conversion of methane, in which the properties of the catalyst are optimized by adjusting the free space between catalyst particles packed in a reactor, thereby maximizing the catalytic reaction rate without precise control of reaction conditions for oxygen-free direct conversion of methane, minimizing coke formation and exhibiting stable catalytic performance even upon long-term operation, and to a method of converting methane using the same.

A process (100) is proposed for the production of one or more olefins, in which a reaction feed containing oxygen and one or more paraffins is formed and in which a part of the oxygen in the reaction feed is reacted with a part of the one or more paraffins to form the one or more olefins by an oxidative process, to obtain a process gas, the process gas containing at least the unreacted part of the one or more paraffins and oxygen, the one or more olefins, one or more acetylenes, carbon dioxide and water. The process comprises subjecting the process gas or a gas mixture formed using at least a part of the process gas partially or completely to a condensate separation (2), a compression (3), an at least partial removal (4) of the oxygen and acetylene(s) and to one or more stages of a carbon dioxide removal (5) in the order given herein, wherein the at least partial removal (4) of the oxygen and of the acetylene(s) is performed at the same time and by a catalytic conversion using a catalyst comprising copper oxide or ruthenium, and wherein the catalytic conversion is performed at least in part in the form of a hydrogenation. A corresponding plant is also the subject of the present invention.

A method for manufacturing a hydrocarbon compound from carbon dioxide, said method including: (a) a step of preparing an absorption-conversion catalyst that includes an oxide carrier, a first component supported on the oxide carrier and including at least one type of metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, and a second component supported on the oxide carrier and including at least one type of metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Fe, Co, Cu, and Ru; (b) a step of bringing the absorption-conversion catalyst and a carbon dioxide-including gas into contact under higher pressure than atmospheric pressure, and causing the carbon dioxide to be stored in the absorption-conversion catalyst; and (c) a step of bringing the absorption-conversion catalyst that has the carbon dioxide stored therein and a reducing gas into contact under higher pressure than atmospheric pressure, and obtaining the hydrocarbon compound.

A process (100) is proposed for the production of one or more olefins, in which a reaction feed containing oxygen and one or more paraffins is formed and in which a part of the oxygen in the reaction feed is reacted with a part of the one or more paraffins to form the one or more olefins by an oxidative process, to obtain a process gas, the process gas containing at least the unreacted part of the one or more paraffins and oxygen, the one or more olefins, one or more acetylenes, carbon dioxide and water. The process comprises subjecting the process gas or a gas mixture formed using at least a part of the process gas partially or completely to a condensate separation (2), a compression (3), an at least partial removal (4) of the oxygen and acetylene(s) and to one or more stages of a carbon dioxide removal (5) in the order given herein, wherein the at least partial removal (4) of the oxygen and of the acetylene(s) is performed at the same time and by a catalytic conversion using a catalyst comprising copper oxide or ruthenium, and wherein the catalytic conversion is performed at least in part in the form of a hydrogenation. A corresponding plant is also the subject of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for oxygen-free direct conversion of methane and a method of converting methane using the same, and more particularly to a catalyst for oxygen-free direct conversion of methane, in which the properties of the catalyst are optimized by adjusting the free space between catalyst particles packed in a reactor, thereby maximizing the catalytic reaction rate without precise control of reaction conditions for oxygen-free direct conversion of methane, minimizing coke formation and exhibiting stable catalytic performance even upon long-term operation, and to a method of converting methane using the same.

The present invention refers to a process for oligomerization of acetylene in the presence of hydrogen and a solid catalyst.

A method of producing a fuel additive includes: passing a raffinate stream comprising C4 hydrocarbons through a hydrogenation unit, forming a first process stream; passing the first process stream through an extractive distillation unit, forming a C4 olefin stream; passing the C4 olefin stream through a stripper column, forming a purified C4 olefin stream; and forming the fuel additive by passing the purified C4 olefin stream through a hydration unit.

A method for producing a dehydrogenated product and a coked catalyst, then introducing an oxygen-containing fluid, combusting at least a portion of the coke disposed on the catalyst in the presence of the oxygen-containing fluid to produce a decoked catalyst. An apparatus for introducing fluid into a reactor, comprising a first inlet conduit configured to convey a first gas, a second inlet conduit configured to convey a second gas, and an outlet conduit configured to convey the first gas and the second gas into a reactor, wherein there is an acute angle between a longitudinal axes of the first inlet conduit and a longitudinal axis of the second inlet conduit and an obtuse angle between a longitudinal axis of the outlet conduit and the longitudinal axis of the second inlet conduit and a pre-distributor disposed, in one embodiment on the inner surface, within the first inlet conduit is disclosed.

Disclosed are a method and a system for producing bio-derived aromatic hydrocarbons from a renewable resource. More particularly, the disclosure provides for the co-location of a biomass reactor unit and an aromatization reactor unit to produce benzene from a renewable source such as plant mass. Hexane produced from cellulose in the biomass reactor unit can be converted to benzene in the aromatization reactor unit and hydrogen produced in the aromatization reactor unit can be used in the biomass reactor unit. Also described is the use of a mixture of bio-derived hexane produced from cellulose and naphtha in an aromatization process.