A method for producing a homocyclic or heterocyclic compound includes reacting a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II) in presence of a base:
R.sup.1—B-G  (I) ##STR00001##
In formula (I), B is an unsaturated moiety selected from substituted or unsubstituted vinylene, ethynylene, aryleneethynylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylenevinylene, and a combination thereof, the vinylene or arylenevinylene has n (=0, 1 or 2) substituent(s) R.sup.2, G is an electron-withdrawing group, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a substituent, and two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and G may joint together to form a ring. In formula (II), R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen or a substituent, R.sup.5 is an electron-withdrawing group, and two of R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may joint together to form a ring. The conjugate acid of the base has a pK.sub.a in the range of 1 to 15.

A method for producing a homocyclic or heterocyclic compound includes reacting a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II) in presence of a base:
R.sup.1—B-G  (I) ##STR00001##
In formula (I), B is an unsaturated moiety selected from substituted or unsubstituted vinylene, ethynylene, aryleneethynylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylenevinylene, and a combination thereof, the vinylene or arylenevinylene has n (=0, 1 or 2) substituent(s) R.sup.2, G is an electron-withdrawing group, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a substituent, and two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and G may joint together to form a ring. In formula (II), R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen or a substituent, R.sup.5 is an electron-withdrawing group, and two of R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may joint together to form a ring. The conjugate acid of the base has a pK.sub.a in the range of 1 to 15.

Disclosed is a recovery method of a nitrile-based monomer including: supplying a feed stream including a nitrile-based monomer, a nitrogen compound, and water to a first distillation tower to separate the stream into a lower discharge stream and an upper discharge stream; condensing the upper discharge stream of the first distillation tower and supplying the condensed stream to a decanter to separate the stream into a water layer and an organic layer; supplying an organic layer stream discharged from the decanter to a second distillation tower to separate the stream into a lower discharge stream and an upper discharge stream; and splitting a part of the upper discharge stream from the second distillation tower and refluxing the split stream to the second distillation tower.

Disclosed is a recovery method of a nitrile-based monomer including: supplying a feed stream including a nitrile-based monomer, a nitrogen compound, and water to a first distillation tower to separate the stream into a lower discharge stream and an upper discharge stream; condensing the upper discharge stream of the first distillation tower and supplying the condensed stream to a decanter to separate the stream into a water layer and an organic layer; supplying an organic layer stream discharged from the decanter to a second distillation tower to separate the stream into a lower discharge stream and an upper discharge stream; and splitting a part of the upper discharge stream from the second distillation tower and refluxing the split stream to the second distillation tower.

The present disclosure relates a system of preparing a phthalonitrile-based compound using a continuous process, the preparation system including: a first reaction unit filled with a mixture including a phthalic acid-based compound and a nitrile-based compound; a second reaction unit connected to the first reaction unit; and a discharge unit connected to the second reaction unit, and in the second reaction unit, there is a fluid flow from the first reaction unit direction to the discharge unit direction, wherein the length of the second reaction unit in the fluid flow direction is 10 fold or more the mean square root of the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the fluid flow direction; and a method of preparing a phthalonitrile-based compound using the same.

The present disclosure relates a system of preparing a phthalonitrile-based compound using a continuous process, the preparation system including: a first reaction unit filled with a mixture including a phthalic acid-based compound and a nitrile-based compound; a second reaction unit connected to the first reaction unit; and a discharge unit connected to the second reaction unit, and in the second reaction unit, there is a fluid flow from the first reaction unit direction to the discharge unit direction, wherein the length of the second reaction unit in the fluid flow direction is 10 fold or more the mean square root of the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the fluid flow direction; and a method of preparing a phthalonitrile-based compound using the same.

A method for producing a homocyclic or heterocyclic compound includes reacting a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II) in presence of a base:

##STR00001##

In formula (I), B is an unsaturated moiety selected from substituted or unsubstituted vinylene, ethynylene, aryleneethynylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylenevinylene, and a combination thereof, the vinylene or arylenevinylene has n (=0, 1 or 2) substituent(s) R.sup.2, G is an electron-withdrawing group, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a substituent, and two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and G may joint together to form a ring. In formula (II), R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen or a substituent, R.sup.5 is an electron-withdrawing group, and two of R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may joint together to form a ring. The conjugate acid of the base has a pK.sub.a in the range of 1 to 15.

A method for producing a homocyclic or heterocyclic compound includes reacting a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II) in presence of a base:

##STR00001##

In formula (I), B is an unsaturated moiety selected from substituted or unsubstituted vinylene, ethynylene, aryleneethynylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylenevinylene, and a combination thereof, the vinylene or arylenevinylene has n (=0, 1 or 2) substituent(s) R.sup.2, G is an electron-withdrawing group, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a substituent, and two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and G may joint together to form a ring. In formula (II), R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen or a substituent, R.sup.5 is an electron-withdrawing group, and two of R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may joint together to form a ring. The conjugate acid of the base has a pK.sub.a in the range of 1 to 15.

A method for producing a homocyclic or heterocyclic compound includes reacting a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II) in presence of a base:

##STR00001##

In formula (I), B is an unsaturated moiety selected from substituted or unsubstituted vinylene, ethynylene, aryleneethynylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylenevinylene, and a combination thereof, the vinylene or arylenevinylene has n (=0, 1 or 2) substituent(s) R.sup.2, G is an electron-withdrawing group, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a substituent, and two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and G may joint together to form a ring. In formula (II), R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen or a substituent, R.sup.5 is an electron-withdrawing group, and two of R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may joint together to form a ring. The conjugate acid of the base has a pK.sub.a in the range of 1 to 15.

A method for producing a homocyclic or heterocyclic compound includes reacting a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II) in presence of a base:

##STR00001##

In formula (I), B is an unsaturated moiety selected from substituted or unsubstituted vinylene, ethynylene, aryleneethynylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylenevinylene, and a combination thereof, the vinylene or arylenevinylene has n (=0, 1 or 2) substituent(s) R.sup.2, G is an electron-withdrawing group, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a substituent, and two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and G may joint together to form a ring. In formula (II), R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen or a substituent, R.sup.5 is an electron-withdrawing group, and two of R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may joint together to form a ring. The conjugate acid of the base has a pK.sub.a in the range of 1 to 15.