The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for preparing an oligomer, including: a reactor receiving a monomer stream and performing an oligomerization reaction to prepare a reaction product; a product discharge line for transferring a reaction product stream discharged from the reactor; and a bubble catcher provided in any area of the product discharge line to remove bubbles contained in the reaction product stream.

The present invention relates to a method for olefin oligomerization and comprising i) injecting an olefin monomer and a solvent into a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR); ii) injecting an oligomerization catalyst system comprising a ligand compound, a transition metal compound, and a co-catalyst into the continuous stirred tank reactor; and iii) performing a multimerization reaction of the olefin monomer, wherein a ratio of the flowing rates of the olefin monomer and the solvent is from 1:1 to 2:1. In the method for olefin oligomerization according to the present invention, high linear alpha-olefin selectivity may be attained even with a small amount of a solvent used by controlling reaction conditions during the multimerization reaction of olefin by a continuous reaction using a continuous stirred tank reactor.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for suppressing the precipitation of polymers with a high concentration dissolved in a solvent in the operation termination step and suppressing the blockage of the apparatus by the polymers even when the polymers with a high concentration are precipitated, and the invention relates to a method for producing an α-olefin low polymer comprising a production operation step and an operation termination step, wherein the supply position of a supply liquid to a distillation column in the operation termination step is changed to a position lower than the supply position of a supply liquid to the distillation column in the production operation step.

A radio access network (RAN) configured to support real-time communications over a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) connection is described herein. When a request for a data transmission is received and a real-time communication session over the LTE connection is established, the RAN utilizes the LTE connection, not a New Radio (NR) connection, for the data transmission. When a request for a further real-time communication is received and there is an active data transmission session over the NR connection, the RAN performs at least one of ceasing to allocate traffic to the NR connection for downlink or reconfiguring the data transmission session to send data over the LTE connection.

This invention relates to a self cleaning reactor and to a process for the oligomerization of ethylene that employs a self-cleaning reactor. The reactor includes a mass of inert, particulate cleaning bodies that are entrained by the liquid in the reactor and scour the internal surfaces of the reactor during normal operation. This scouring action reduces the level of fouling on the reactor surfaces. Foulant material (polyethylene) is removed from the process on a continuous basis but the cleaning bodies remain within the reactor.

A method for producing an olefin oligomer is disclosed, in which an olefin oligomerization reaction is performed in the presence of an olefin oligomerization catalyst comprising (A) a chromium compound, (B) an amine compound of the general formula (1): ##STR00001##
(R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 represent a group such as a hydrocarbon group, Y represents a structure represented by —CR.sup.5R.sup.6—, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represent a group such as a hydrogen atom, and Z represents an integer of 1 to 10),
and (C) a compound such as an organometal compound; and the olefin oligomerization catalyst.

The present disclosure relates to a catalyst system comprising i) (a) a bicyclic 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine chromium salt or (b) a chromium salt and a bicyclic 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine and ii) an organoaluminum compound. The present disclosure also relates to a process comprising: a) contacting i) ethylene; ii) a catalyst system comprising (a) a 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine chromium salt complex or (b) a chromium salt and a bicyclic 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine; ii) an organoaluminum compound, and iii) optionally an organic reaction medium; and b) forming an oligomer product in a reaction zone.

Ethylene oligomerization catalysts include a solid support having surface hydroxyl groups on a surface of the solid support. Functional groups attached to the solid support through at least one covalent bond and coordinated with at least one catalytically active transition metal. Individual functional groups are attached to the solid support as products of condensation reactions of at least one hydrolysable group of precursor ligands with a corresponding surface group of the solid support. The precursor ligands have a general formula (Ph.sub.2P).sub.2N—R.sup.1-A, where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1-C.sub.40 hydrocarbylene or C.sub.1-C.sub.40 heterohydrocarbylene; and A is a hydrolysable group selected from trialkoxysilyl, halosilyl, carboxylates, esters, phosphonates, amines, imines, thiols, thiocarboxylates, or halides.

The present invention relates to a process for treating an effluent obtained from an oligomerization step in a vaporization step. In particular, the oligomerization step is a step for dimerization of ethylene to 1-butene with a nickel-based catalytic system.

Process for producing alpha olefins comprising contacting ethylene, a zirconium based catalyst system comprising, a hydrocarbylmetal compound, a chain transfer agent, and optionally an organic reaction medium. Chain transfer agents which can be utilized include a) hydrogen, b) a compound comprising a hydrogen silicon bond, a compound having a hydrogen sulfur bond, a compound having a hydrogen phosphorus bond, or c) a transition metal compound chain transfer agent.