The present disclosure relates generally to processes for recovering tricyanohexane (TCH) via purification of by-product or co-product streams of adiponitrile production. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a process for purifying tricyanohexane (TCH), the process having the steps of (a) separating an adiponitrile process stream comprising adiponitrile and TCH to form a first overhead lights stream comprising low-boiling components and high-boiling components and a first bottoms heavies stream comprising high-boiling components and solid impurities; and (b) separating the first overhead lights stream in a distillation column to form a second overhead lights stream comprising low-boiling components, a second bottoms heavies stream comprising high-boiling components, and a TCH stream comprising TCH and less than 10 wt. % impurities; wherein the distillation column is a low pressure distillation column.

The present disclosure relates generally to processes for recovering tricyanohexane (TCH) via purification of by-product or co-product streams of adiponitrile production. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a process for purifying tricyanohexane (TCH), the process having the steps of (a) separating an adiponitrile process stream comprising adiponitrile and TCH to form a first overhead lights stream comprising low-boiling components and high-boiling components and a first bottoms heavies stream comprising high-boiling components and solid impurities; and (b) separating the first overhead lights stream in a distillation column to form a second overhead lights stream comprising low-boiling components, a second bottoms heavies stream comprising high-boiling components, and a TCH stream comprising TCH and less than 10 wt. % impurities; wherein the distillation column is a low pressure distillation column.

An electrolyte includes a compound of formula 1:

##STR00001##

R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from H, halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-10 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-10 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-10 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-10 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-10 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-10 heteroaryl group, or any combination thereof. R is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-10 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-10 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-10 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-10 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-10 aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-10 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-10 heterocycloalkyl group, a butyrolactam group,

##STR00002##

or any combination thereof.

An electrolyte includes a compound of formula 1:

##STR00001##

R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from H, halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-10 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-10 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-10 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-10 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-10 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-10 heteroaryl group, or any combination thereof. R is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-10 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-10 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-10 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-10 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-10 aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-10 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-10 heterocycloalkyl group, a butyrolactam group,

##STR00002##

or any combination thereof.

An electrolyte including an additive of compound of formula I,

##STR00001## wherein n is an integer ranging from 0 to 10; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkylidene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyleneoxy group; Ai selected from CH, C, N, S, O, B or Si; A.sub.2 is selected from CH—R.sub.3, N—R.sub.3, S, O, B—R.sub.3 or SiH—R.sub.3; A.sub.3 selected from CH.sub.2, CH, C, N, S, O, B or Si; R.sub.3 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group; Xi is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkylidene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenylene group, ═R.sup.c═, or ═R.sup.c—, wherein R.sup.c is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylidene group.

An electrolyte including an additive of compound of formula I,

##STR00001## wherein n is an integer ranging from 0 to 10; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkylidene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyleneoxy group; Ai selected from CH, C, N, S, O, B or Si; A.sub.2 is selected from CH—R.sub.3, N—R.sub.3, S, O, B—R.sub.3 or SiH—R.sub.3; A.sub.3 selected from CH.sub.2, CH, C, N, S, O, B or Si; R.sub.3 is selected from hydrogen, halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group; Xi is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkylidene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenylene group, ═R.sup.c═, or ═R.sup.c—, wherein R.sup.c is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylidene group.

An electrolyte, including: a compound of Formula I, and at least one of a compound of Formula II or a compound of Formula III,

##STR00001##

R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluoro, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryloxy, wherein when substituted, the substituent is fluoro, cyano or C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl; and a, d and f are each independently selected from an integer from 1 to 5, and b, c, e, g, h and i are each independently selected from an integer from 0 to 5.

An electrolyte, including: a compound of Formula I, and at least one of a compound of Formula II or a compound of Formula III,

##STR00001##

R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluoro, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryloxy, wherein when substituted, the substituent is fluoro, cyano or C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl; and a, d and f are each independently selected from an integer from 1 to 5, and b, c, e, g, h and i are each independently selected from an integer from 0 to 5.

An electrolyte includes diglycolic anhydride and a trinitrile compound, with which the cycle performance and the high-temperature stability under over-discharge conditions of lithium-ion batteries are significantly improved. The electrolyte includes a compound of Formula I; and at least one of a compound of Formula II or a compound of Formula III;

##STR00001##

R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, halo, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryloxy, wherein when substituted, the substituent is halo, cyano, or C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl; and a, d and f are each independently selected from an integer from 1 to 5, and b, c, e, g, h and i are each independently selected from an integer from 0 to 5.

An electrolyte includes diglycolic anhydride and a trinitrile compound, with which the cycle performance and the high-temperature stability under over-discharge conditions of lithium-ion batteries are significantly improved. The electrolyte includes a compound of Formula I; and at least one of a compound of Formula II or a compound of Formula III;

##STR00001##

R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, halo, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.10 alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryloxy, wherein when substituted, the substituent is halo, cyano, or C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl; and a, d and f are each independently selected from an integer from 1 to 5, and b, c, e, g, h and i are each independently selected from an integer from 0 to 5.