Disclosed herein are secondary amine compounds that inhibit tRNA synthetase. The compounds of the invention are useful in inhibiting tRNA synthetase in Gram-negative bacteria and are useful in killing Gram-negative bacteria. The secondary amine compounds of the invention are also useful in the treatment of tuberculosis.

The invention relates to vicinal diol ether derivatives of certain polyether polymers, compositions comprising the same, and methods of making the same via reaction with substituted or unsubstituted epoxides, and methods of using the same.

Disclosed herein are secondary amine compounds that inhibit tRNA synthetase. The compounds of the invention are useful in inhibiting tRNA synthetase in Gram-negative bacteria and are useful in killing Gram-negative bacteria. The secondary amine compounds of the invention are also useful in the treatment of tuberculosis.

Neuroprotective compounds for treating optic neuropathies and screening methods for identifying neuroprotective compounds.

Disclosed herein are secondary amine compounds that inhibit tRNA synthetase. The compounds of the invention are useful in inhibiting tRNA synthetase in Gram-negative bacteria and are useful in killing Gram-negative bacteria. The secondary amine compounds of the invention are also useful in the treatment of tuberculosis.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an isomer-enriched mixture of 3S- and 3R-caranone from 3-carane epoxide, a 3S-caranone obtained therefrom, a process for the production of 3S-caranlactam from 3-carene, a process for the production of 3R-caranlactam from 3-carene, a 3S-caranoxime, a 3S-caranlactam, a 3S-polycaranamide, a 3R-polycaranamide, a 3S/3R-co-polycaranamide, a 3S-caranlactam-laurolactam co-polycaranamide, a 3R-caranlactam-laurolactam co-polycaranamide, a 3S-caranlactam-3R-caranlactam-laurolactam co-polycaranamide, a 3S-caranlactam-caprolactam co-polycaranamide, a 3R-caranlactam-caprolactam co-polycaranamide, as well as a 3S/3R-caranlactam-caprolactam co-polycaranamide.

The present invention includes a method of inhibiting, suppressing or preventing HBV infection in an individual in need thereof, comprising administering to the individual a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of the invention.

A novel onium salt having formula (1) and a resist composition comprising the same as a quencher are provided. When the resist composition is processed by photolithography using high-energy radiation, there is formed a resist pattern which is improved in LWR and CDU. In formula (1), R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each are a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 monovalent hydrocarbon group which may contain a heteroatom exclusive of fluorine, and Z.sup.+ is a sulfonium, iodonium or ammonium cation.

Disclosed is a cyclopropanation process comprising the step of reacting an alkene compound having at least one carbon-carbon double bond with at least one dihaloalkane. The reaction is carried out in the presence of (i) particulate metal Zn, (ii) catalytically effective amount of particulate metal Cu or a salt thereof, (iii) at least one haloalkylsilane, and (iv) at least one solvent.

A method performing a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction between a dichloroalkane and an alkylbenzene produces a compound for hair regrowth. The inventive subject matter further includes incorporation of such compounds in topical formulations with suitable carriers. The resulting topical formulations may be employed in methods of stimulating hair regrowth.