To provide an organic electroluminescent device in which energy efficiency is improved. An organic electroluminescent device includes a pair of electrode layers formed of an anode layer and a cathode layer, and a luminescent layer arranged between the pair of electrode layers, in which the luminescent layer includes a host material and a dopant material, and the dopant material is an anthracene-based compound represented by formula (1), and the luminescent layer further includes a polycyclic aromatic compound represented by formula (2) or a multimer of a polycyclic aromatic compound having a plurality of structures represented by formula (2). ##STR00001##

The disclosure relates to organic electroluminescent elements, compounds for use in the elements, and devices using the elements, which include a compound represented by the following General Formula (1): ##STR00001##
where R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 and R.sup.6 to R.sup.8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, which may be a deuterium atom, or a substituent with a Hammett substituent constant σ.sub.p value of −0.15 or more, R.sup.5, R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, L.sup.1 represents a divalent linking group, DG.sup.1 represents a donor group, and n1 represents 1 or 2, and where R.sup.1 to R.sup.3, R.sup.5 to R.sup.10, L.sup.1, and DG.sup.1 are not bound to each other to form a ring.

The present invention provides a method for oxidizing pyrenes without any metal-mediated catalyst or reagent. In particular, the present invention provides a method for selectively oxidizing the K-region of pyrenes using a meta-free oxidizing agent to produce a pyrene 4,5-dione and/or a pyrene 4,5,9,10-tetraone compounds.

Provided is the nitrogen-containing compound shown in Chemical formula 1, an organic electroluminescent device, and an electronic apparatus, relating to the technical field of organic materials. The nitrogen-containing compound can improve the performance of the organic electroluminescent device.

##STR00001##

An organic compound is disclosed comprising: a first chemical moiety with a structure of formula I

##STR00001##

and two second chemical moieties, independently from another with a structure of formula II,

##STR00002##

wherein the first chemical moiety is linked to each of the two second chemical moieties via a single bond.

A fused ring compound and applications thereof in organic electronic components, particularly in organic electroluminescent diodes; an organic electronic component comprising the fused ring compound, and applications thereof in organic electroluminescent diodes and in display and lighting technologies; and a formulation comprising the fused ring compound, and applications thereof in the preparation of organic electronic components. By optimizing the component structure, good component performance can be achieved, and especially, a high-performance OLED component can be implemented, which provide good material and preparation technology choices for full-color display and lighting applications.

The present disclosure relates to an aromatic amine derivative represented by general formula (I). ##STR00001## The aromatic amine derivative has fluorescence emission at a short light emission wavelength, and the light-emission spectrum of the aromatic amine derivative has a narrow half-peak width, and accordingly, the material has deep-blue fluorescence emission and has a very-high light emission efficiency. An organic electroluminescent component prepared by using the aromatic amine derivative has deep-blue color coordinates, a high light emission efficiency and a long life-span.

A display device includes: a base substrate; a light emitting element on the base substrate; a thin film encapsulation layer on the light emitting element to encapsulate the light emitting element; a touch member on the thin film encapsulation layer; a color filter layer on the touch member; and a planarization layer on the color filter layer to cover the color filter layer, wherein the planarization layer includes a light absorber represented by Formula 1:
X—Ar—Y.  Formula 1

The invention relates to a family of Pd(II)-based catalysts of general formula (I) reproduced below for use in the production of olefin/polar vinyl monomer copolymers and olefin homopolymers. The invention also refers to ligands that are intermediates in the synthesis of the catalysts, to the process for the synthesis of homo- and copolymers using these catalysts, and to the homo- and copolymers thus obtained.

The present application provides a light-emitting device and an electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device. The light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer; and an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer between the emission layer and the second electrode, wherein the electron transport layer includes a mixed layer including a first compound and a second compound, the first compound includes a C.sub.14-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group, and a triplet energy of the first compound is about 2.0 electron volts or lower, the second compound includes a π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing C.sub.1-C.sub.60 cyclic group, and a triplet energy of the second compound is about 2.5 electron volts or greater, and the electron injection layer includes a metal halide and a lanthanum-based metal.