A salt represented by formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 perfluoroalkyl group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 perfluoroalkyl group, z represents an integer of 0 to 6, X.sup.1 represents *—O—, *—CO—O— or *—O—CO—, * represents a binding site to CR.sup.1R.sup.2 or CQ.sup.1Q.sup.2, L.sup.1 represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkanediyl group, R.sup.3 represents a C.sub.5 to C.sub.18 alicyclic hydrocarbon group in which a hydrogen atom may be replaced by a hydroxy group, and in which a methylene group may be replaced by an oxygen atom or a carbonyl group, and which alicyclic hydrocarbon group may have a cyclic ketal structure optionally having a fluorine atom; and Z.sup.+ represents an organic cation.

Glutamine antagonists and their use for treating oncological, immunological, and neurological diseases are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for treating an oncological, immunological, infectious or neurological disease or disorder, the method comprising administering to a subject in need of treatment thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a glutamine antagonist of the disclosure or the pharmaceutical composition thereof. Also disclosed are methods of enhancing the effects of an immune checkpoint inhibitor, enabling a subject to respond to an immune checkpoint inhibitor, or enabling the toxicity or the dose or number of treatments with an immune checkpoint inhibitor to be reduced, comprising administering to a subject in need of treatment thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a glutamine antagonist of the disclosure or the pharmaceutical composition thereof, and an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Also disclosed are methods for treating an oncological, immunological, infectious or neurological disease or disorder that is refractory to checkpoint inhibitor therapy, the method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, and having the refractory disease or disorder, a therapeutically effective amount of a glutamine antagonist of the disclosure or the pharmaceutical composition thereof.

A sulfonic acid derivative, wherein the sulfonic acid derivative is represented by the following general formula (1):

R.sup.1COOCH.sub.2CH.sub.2CFHCF.sub.2SO.sub.3.sup.−M.sup.+  (1)

where: R.sup.1 represents a monovalent organic group having carbon number of 1 to 200, having at least one hydroxyl group and optionally having a substituent other than the hydroxyl group; and M.sup.+ represents a counter cation.

Disclosed are a deuterated compound of fomula (I), or a salt thereof, and methods for preparation thereof. The present disclosure may provide a mild, versatile organophotoredox method for the preparation of diverse, enantioenriched α-deuterated α-amino acids. In particular, the present disclosure may address the long-standing challenge of installing sterically demanding side chains into α-amino acids, including late-stage modifications on medicinal agents and natural products.

A radiation-sensitive resin composition includes: a polymer which has a first structural unit including a phenolic hydroxyl group, and a second structural unit represented by formula (1); and a radiation-sensitive acid generating agent which has a compound represented by formula (2). R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, or the like; R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; and R.sup.3 represents a divalent monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 ring atoms. Ar.sup.1 represents a group obtained by removing (q+1) hydrogen atoms on an aromatic ring from an arene formed by condensation of at least two benzene rings; R.sup.4 represents a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; q is an integer of 0 to 7; and R.sup.5 represents a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or the like.

##STR00001##

Disclosed are compounds of Formulas (I), (II), (III), (IV), and (V): ##STR00001##
and/or a salt thereof, wherein R.sub.1 is —OH or —OP(O)(OH).sub.2, and X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, R.sub.2, R.sub.2a, R.sub.a, R.sub.b, and R.sub.c are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as selective agonists for G protein-coupled receptor S1P.sub.1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as autoimmune diseases and vascular disease.

A sulfonium salt represented by a following general formula (1),

##STR00001##

wherein in the general formula (1), each of R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 is independently an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group;

at least one carbon-carbon single bond contained in the alkyl group is optionally substituted with a carbon-carbon double bond or a carbon-carbon triple bond;

at least one methylene group contained in the alkyl group is optionally substituted with at least one divalent heteroatom-containing group;

Ar.sup.1 is an arylene group;

at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and Ar.sup.1 has at least one substituent (R);

at least two of R.sup.1 to R.sup.3, Ar.sup.1, and substituent (R) optionally form a ring;

A is a divalent group selected from a group consisting of —S—, —SO—, and —SO.sub.2—;

Ar.sup.1 is substituted with A at an ortho-position with respect to a sulfonio group (S.sup.+); and

X.sup.− is an anion.

The present invention relates to: a disubstituted adamantyl derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an anticancer pharmaceutical composition and a kit containing same as an active ingredient. The disubstituted adamantyl derivative according to the present invention suppresses the growth of cancer cells by targeting mitochondria ETC complex I and damaging the metabolism of cancer cells, and thus can be useful as an anticancer pharmaceutical composition that is a powerful therapeutic agent for cancer dependent on oxidative phosphorylation for producing ATP.

The invention features the use of nitro-aminoadamantane compounds for the treatment and prophylaxis of severe symptoms of beta-coronavirus infections, such as infections by SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and related viruses.

A photoresist composition, including an acid-sensitive polymer and photoacid generator compound having Formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein, EWG, Y, R, and M.sup.+ are the same as described in the specification.