The present disclosure describes compounds of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

##STR00001##

wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently (CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m).sub.2CH—, (CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m)(CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m-1)CH, (CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m)(CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m-2)CH, (CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m).sub.2CHCH.sub.2—, or (CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m)(CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m-1)CHCH.sub.2—, wherein m is 4-11; L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are each independently absent, a linear C.sub.1-5 alkylene, or (CH.sub.2).sub.p—O—(CH.sub.2).sub.q, wherein p and q are each independently 1-3; R.sup.3 is a linear C.sub.2-5 alkylene optionally substituted with one or two methyl groups; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; X is O or S; and n is 0-2.

The present disclosure describes compounds of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

##STR00001##

wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently (CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m).sub.2CH—, (CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m)(CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m-1)CH, (CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m)(CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m-2)CH, (CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m).sub.2CHCH.sub.2—, or (CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m)(CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.m-1)CHCH.sub.2—, wherein m is 4-11; L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are each independently absent, a linear C.sub.1-5 alkylene, or (CH.sub.2).sub.p—O—(CH.sub.2).sub.q, wherein p and q are each independently 1-3; R.sup.3 is a linear C.sub.2-5 alkylene optionally substituted with one or two methyl groups; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; X is O or S; and n is 0-2.

The present disclosure relates to compounds of Formula (I) or (II): (Formulae (I), (II)), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. The present disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and therapeutic and diagnostic uses of the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure relates to compounds of Formula (I) or (II): (Formulae (I), (II)), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. The present disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and therapeutic and diagnostic uses of the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure relates to compounds of Formula (P) or (II′-0): (Formulae (I′), (II′-0)), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. The present disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and therapeutic and diagnostic uses of the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure relates to compounds of Formula (I), (II), or (II′): (I), (II), (II′), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. The present disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and therapeutic and diagnostic uses of the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure relates to compounds of Formula (I), (II), or (II′): (I), (II), (II′), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. The present disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and therapeutic and diagnostic uses of the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides novel cell-permeable succinates and cell permeable precursors of succinate aimed at increasing ATP-production in mitochondria. The main part of ATP produced and utilized in the eukaryotic cell originates from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, a process to which high-energy electrons are provided by the Kreb's cycle. Not all Kreb's cycle intermediates are readily permeable to the cellular membrane, one of them being succinate. The provision of the novel cell permeable succinates is envisaged to allow passage over the cellular membrane and thus the cell permeable succinates can be used to enhance mitochondrial ATP-output.

The present invention provides novel cell-permeable succinates and cell permeable precursors of succinate aimed at increasing ATP-production in mitochondria. The main part of ATP produced and utilized in the eukaryotic cell originates from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, a process to which high-energy electrons are provided by the Kreb's cycle. Not all Kreb's cycle intermediates are readily permeable to the cellular membrane, one of them being succinate. The provision of the novel cell permeable succinates is envisaged to allow passage over the cellular membrane and thus the cell permeable succinates can be used to enhance mitochondrial ATP-output.

Novel substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) derivatives and related compounds and methods of using these compounds for the treatment of diseases and/or conditions, including but not limited to diseases and/or conditions of, or involving, the Central Nervous System (CNS), including schizophrenia adrenoleukodystrophy, mitochondrial diseases (e.g. Leigh syndrome, Alpers' disease, and MELAS), Huntington's disease, trichotillomania, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, drug craving, and drug addiction.