Disclosed are methods of purifying the compound (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1α,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D.sub.3 to obtain the compound in crystalline form. The methods typically include the steps of dissolving (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1α,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D.sub.3 in a solvent comprising ethyl acetate and hexane to form a solution, allowing crystals of (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1α,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D.sub.3 to form and precipitate from the solution, and recovering the crystals of (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1α,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D.sub.3 from the solution.

Disclosed are methods of purifying the compound (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1α,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D.sub.3 to obtain the compound in crystalline form. The methods typically include the steps of dissolving (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1α,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D.sub.3 in a solvent comprising ethyl acetate and hexane to form a solution, allowing crystals of (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1α,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D.sub.3 to form and precipitate from the solution, and recovering the crystals of (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1α,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D.sub.3 from the solution.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing hydrogenated bisphenol A, comprising: (a) heating a reactor in which bisphenol A, a solvent, and a ruthenium supported catalyst are added; (b) supplying hydrogen into the reactor to react; and (c) blocking the supply of hydrogen to react.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing hydrogenated bisphenol A, comprising: (a) heating a reactor in which bisphenol A, a solvent, and a ruthenium supported catalyst are added; (b) supplying hydrogen into the reactor to react; and (c) blocking the supply of hydrogen to react.

The various aspects presented herein relate to the perfumery industry. More particularly, the various aspects presented herein relate to malodor counteracting compositions and/or ingredients, methods for counteracting malodors, as well as to the perfumed articles or perfuming compositions comprising as an active ingredient, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: a compound of Formula (I), a compound of Formula (II), a compound of Formula (III), a compound of Formula (IV), and mixtures thereof.

Methods for the synthesis of a tricyclic-prostaglandin D.sub.2 metabolite methyl ester or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Methods for the synthesis of a tricyclic-prostaglandin D.sub.2 metabolite methyl ester or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The present invention relates to novel cyclopropane derivatives represented by Formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group containing 1-20 carbon atoms or an ester containing 1-20 carbon atoms;

wherein R′ represents a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 acyclic carboxylic acid ester, a C.sub.4-C.sub.6 cyclic carboxylic acid ester or —OR″, and R″ is selected from the group consisting of H, a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 acyclic hydrocarbon group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.6 carbocyclic ring and a C.sub.4-C.sub.5 heterocyclic ring; and

wherein the composition is selected from the group consisting of a flavor composition and a fragrance composition.

The present invention relates to novel cyclopropane derivatives represented by Formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group containing 1-20 carbon atoms or an ester containing 1-20 carbon atoms;

wherein R′ represents a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 acyclic carboxylic acid ester, a C.sub.4-C.sub.6 cyclic carboxylic acid ester or —OR″, and R″ is selected from the group consisting of H, a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 acyclic hydrocarbon group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.6 carbocyclic ring and a C.sub.4-C.sub.5 heterocyclic ring; and

wherein the composition is selected from the group consisting of a flavor composition and a fragrance composition.

Compounds of formula (II):

##STR00001##

wherein

##STR00002##

R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5 and R.sup.13 are described herein, or a stereoisomer, enantiomer or tautomer thereof or mixtures thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, are described herein, as well as other compounds. These compounds have activity as SHIP1 modulators, and thus may be useful in treating a variety of diseases, disorders or conditions that would benefit from SHIP1 modulation. Compositions comprising a compound of the invention are also disclosed, as are methods of SHIP1 modulation by administration of such compounds to an animal in need thereof.