The present invention pertains to the technical field of biomedicine, and relates to isopaucifloral F phosphate compounds and pharmaceutical uses thereof. It has been confirmed through experiments that said isopaucifloral F phosphate compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have effects on the bone remodeling process by exerting their anti-osteoporosis efficacy through a dual-mode mechanism of action of promoting osteogenesis and reducing osteoclast resorption, have the characteristics of high bioavailability, stable metabolism and good safety, and can be used to prepare a new generation of anti-osteoporosis drugs.

##STR00001##

A monomer capable forming a polymer through ring-opening metathesis polymerization and capable of depolymerization thereafter through ring-closing metathesis, wherein the monomer comprises a cycloalkene having a fused ring attached thereto to form a cycloalkene-fused ring monomer, wherein the fused ring decreases the ring strain energy of the cycloalkene to a lower ring strain energy state of 5.3 kcal/mol or lower as compared to the same cycloalkene without the fused ring having a ring strain energy above 5.3 kcal/mol and wherein the cycloalkene-fused ring monomer is capable of isomerization into a higher ring strain energy state before polymerization and method of synthesizing the monomer. The monomer is further capable of forming chemically recyclable to monomers block copolymers.

Compounds of formula (II):

##STR00001##

wherein

##STR00002##

R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5 and R.sup.13 are described herein, or a stereoisomer, enantiomer or tautomer thereof or mixtures thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, are described herein, as well as other compounds. These compounds have activity as SHIP1 modulators, and thus may be useful in treating a variety of diseases, disorders or conditions that would benefit from SHIP1 modulation. Compositions comprising a compound of the invention are also disclosed, as are methods of SHIP1 modulation by administration of such compounds to an animal in need thereof.

Compounds of formula (II):

##STR00001##

wherein

##STR00002##

R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5 and R.sup.13 are described herein, or a stereoisomer, enantiomer or tautomer thereof or mixtures thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, are described herein, as well as other compounds. These compounds have activity as SHIP1 modulators, and thus may be useful in treating a variety of diseases, disorders or conditions that would benefit from SHIP1 modulation. Compositions comprising a compound of the invention are also disclosed, as are methods of SHIP1 modulation by administration of such compounds to an animal in need thereof.

The present invention provides, a novel method for producing a compound represented by formula (I) and a novel method for producing a compound represented by formula (B) or a salt thereof, which are intermediates in the production of formula (I).

The present invention provides, a novel method for producing a compound represented by formula (I) and a novel method for producing a compound represented by formula (B) or a salt thereof, which are intermediates in the production of formula (I).

Provided are a compound of Formula I or Formula IA, a composition comprising a compound of Formula I or Formula IA, uses of the compounds and compositions to modulate insect behaviour and methods for modulating insect behaviour. Also provided are biosensors for detecting an analyte in a sample, uses of the biosensor, and methods for detecting an analyte in a sample.

Provided are a compound of Formula I or Formula IA, a composition comprising a compound of Formula I or Formula IA, uses of the compounds and compositions to modulate insect behaviour and methods for modulating insect behaviour. Also provided are biosensors for detecting an analyte in a sample, uses of the biosensor, and methods for detecting an analyte in a sample.

Method for the separation of at least one isoprenic constituent from the resin of a plant of guayule and/or of the guayule type comprising the steps of: a) providing a defatted resin of guayule and/or of the guayule type; b) subjecting the defatted resin to partitioning of the liquid-liquid type with solvents that are immiscible in each other thus obtaining an apolar extract containing the isoprenic constituents guayulin A, guayulin B and argentatin B; and a polar extract containing the isoprene constituents argentatin A, argentatin C and argentatin D; and c) separating at least one isoprenic constituent from said polar extract and/or from the apolar extract thus obtained, wherein step c) comprises a step in which the polar extract is subjected to partitioning of the liquid-liquid type with solvents immiscible in each other and/or a step in which the apolar extract is subjected to partitioning of the solid-liquid type.

Method for the separation of at least one isoprenic constituent from the resin of a plant of guayule and/or of the guayule type comprising the steps of: a) providing a defatted resin of guayule and/or of the guayule type; b) subjecting the defatted resin to partitioning of the liquid-liquid type with solvents that are immiscible in each other thus obtaining an apolar extract containing the isoprenic constituents guayulin A, guayulin B and argentatin B; and a polar extract containing the isoprene constituents argentatin A, argentatin C and argentatin D; and c) separating at least one isoprenic constituent from said polar extract and/or from the apolar extract thus obtained, wherein step c) comprises a step in which the polar extract is subjected to partitioning of the liquid-liquid type with solvents immiscible in each other and/or a step in which the apolar extract is subjected to partitioning of the solid-liquid type.