A composition including a compound having structural formula (I): R.sub.f is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1-3 atoms; n is 0-2; x is 1-3; and R.sub.f′ and R.sub.f″ are (i) independently, a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1-8 carbon atoms; or (ii) are bonded together to form a ring structure having 4-8 carbon atoms. The composition further includes a hydrocarbon contaminant.

##STR00001##

A composition including a compound having structural formula (I): R.sub.f is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1-3 atoms; n is 0-2; x is 1-3; and R.sub.f′ and R.sub.f″ are (i) independently, a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1-8 carbon atoms; or (ii) are bonded together to form a ring structure having 4-8 carbon atoms. The composition further includes a hydrocarbon contaminant.

##STR00001##

A composition including a compound having structural formula (I): R.sub.f is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1-3 atoms; n is 0-2; x is 1-3; and R.sub.f′ and R.sub.f″ are (i) independently, a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1-8 carbon atoms; or (ii) are bonded together to form a ring structure having 4-8 carbon atoms. The composition further includes a hydrocarbon contaminant.

A composition including a compound having structural formula (I): R.sub.f is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1-3 atoms; n is 0-2; x is 1-3; and R.sub.f′ and R.sub.f″ are (i) independently, a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1-8 carbon atoms; or (ii) are bonded together to form a ring structure having 4-8 carbon atoms. The composition further includes a hydrocarbon contaminant.

A polybrominated flame-retardant compound, a process for forming a flame-retardant material, and an article of manufacture are disclosed. The polybrominated flame-retardant compound includes a cyclododecane moiety, at least two bromo groups, and at least one substituent having a reactive functional group. The process includes forming a polybromocyclododecane (PBCD) compound having at least one reactive functional group and incorporating the PBCD compound into a polymer in a process that includes covalent binding of the PBCD compound. The article of manufacture includes a flame-retardant material that comprises a polymer with a covalently-bound PBCD compound.

Conformationally strained irans-cycloalkenes and derivatives thereof suitable for radiolabeling in a subject in need thereof.

A polybrominated flame-retardant compound, a process for forming a flame-retardant material, and an article of manufacture are disclosed. The polybrominated flame-retardant compound includes a cyclododecane moiety, at least two bromo groups, and at least one substituent having a reactive functional group. The process includes forming a polybromocyclododecane (PBCD) compound having at least one reactive functional group and incorporating the PBCD compound into a polymer in a process that includes covalent binding of the PBCD compound. The article of manufacture includes a flame-retardant material that comprises a polymer with a covalently-bound PBCD compound.

The present application describes amphiphatic compounds like compound IIa below, compositions and methods for incorporating chemoselective and bio-orthogonal complementary functional groups into liposomes. Such compounds are incorporated in greater numbers in liposome and fused cell surfaces, leading to greater adhesion and conjugation efficiency. The present application also describes various uses of these modified liposomes including for tethering the chemoselective and bioorthogonal complementary functional groups from cell surfaces by liposome delivery toward the goal of rewiring the cell surface.

The present application describes amphiphatic compounds like compound IIa below, compositions and methods for incorporating chemoselective and bio-orthogonal complementary functional groups into liposomes. Such compounds are incorporated in greater numbers in liposome and fused cell surfaces, leading to greater adhesion and conjugation efficiency. The present application also describes various uses of these modified liposomes including for tethering the chemoselective and bioorthogonal complementary functional groups from cell surfaces by liposome delivery toward the goal of rewiring the cell surface.