An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for producing an organic compound, and a composition. The object is achieved by a method for producing a compound represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein X represents —O—, an optionally substituted imino group, or —S—, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group optionally having at least one substituent, and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, together with X and one carbon atom respectively adjacent to R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, may form a heterocyclic ring optionally having at least one substituent, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, and R.sup.4 represents —CF.sub.2CH.sub.3 or —CH.sub.2CHF.sub.2; the method including step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (2):

##STR00002##

wherein the alphabetical symbols are as defined above, with vinylidene fluoride under light irradiation.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for producing an organic compound, and a composition. The object is achieved by a method for producing a compound represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein X represents —O—, an optionally substituted imino group, or —S—, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group optionally having at least one substituent, and R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, together with X and one carbon atom respectively adjacent to R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, may form a heterocyclic ring optionally having at least one substituent, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, and R.sup.4 represents —CF.sub.2CH.sub.3 or —CH.sub.2CHF.sub.2; the method including step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (2):

##STR00002##

wherein the alphabetical symbols are as defined above, with vinylidene fluoride under light irradiation.

The present invention relates to a selective process for preparing acetals or ethers. In particular, the process involves a selective catalytic hydrogenolysis of a trihydrocarbyl orthoesterso as to control the extent of dealcoholation to afford either the corresponding acetal or ether product. Ether products preparable by means of the present invention include ethers which are suitable for use as base stocks in lubricating compositions.

The present invention relates to a selective process for preparing acetals or ethers. In particular, the process involves a selective catalytic hydrogenolysis of a trihydrocarbyl orthoesterso as to control the extent of dealcoholation to afford either the corresponding acetal or ether product. Ether products preparable by means of the present invention include ethers which are suitable for use as base stocks in lubricating compositions.

The present invention relates to a selective process for preparing acetals or ethers. In particular, the process involves a selective catalytic hydrogenolysis of a trihydrocarbyl orthoesterso as to control the extent of dealcoholation to afford either the corresponding acetal or ether product. Ether products preparable by means of the present invention include ethers which are suitable for use as base stocks in lubricating compositions.

The present invention relates to a selective process for preparing acetals or ethers. In particular, the process involves a selective catalytic hydrogenolysis of a trihydrocarbyl orthoesterso as to control the extent of dealcoholation to afford either the corresponding acetal or ether product. Ether products preparable by means of the present invention include ethers which are suitable for use as base stocks in lubricating compositions.

Process for preparing polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers having 3 oxymethylene units (OME.sub.n3), comprising the steps: (i) introduction of formaldehyde, methanol and water into a reactor R and reaction to give a reaction mixture containing formaldehyde, water, methylene glycol, polyoxymethylene glycols, methanol, hemiformals, methylal (OME.sub.n=1) and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OME.sub.n>1);
(ii) introduction of the reaction mixture into a reactive distillation column K1 and separation into a low boiler fraction F1 containing formaldehyde, water, methylene glycol, polyoxymethylene glycols, methanol, hemiformals, methylal (OME.sub.n=1) and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers having from 2 to 3 oxymethylene units (OME.sub.n=2-3) and a high boiler fraction F2 containing polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers having more than two oxymethylene units (OME.sub.n3).

Process for preparing polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers having 3 oxymethylene units (OME.sub.n3), comprising the steps: (i) introduction of formaldehyde, methanol and water into a reactor R and reaction to give a reaction mixture containing formaldehyde, water, methylene glycol, polyoxymethylene glycols, methanol, hemiformals, methylal (OME.sub.n=1) and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OME.sub.n>1);
(ii) introduction of the reaction mixture into a reactive distillation column K1 and separation into a low boiler fraction F1 containing formaldehyde, water, methylene glycol, polyoxymethylene glycols, methanol, hemiformals, methylal (OME.sub.n=1) and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers having from 2 to 3 oxymethylene units (OME.sub.n=2-3) and a high boiler fraction F2 containing polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers having more than two oxymethylene units (OME.sub.n3).

A foaming agent comprising organic amine salt compounds of the following general formula A.sup.n [B.sup.m+].sub.p (I) is disclosed, wherein A.sup.n is a CO.sub.2-donating anion with a valence of n, wherein n=1, 2 or 3; each B.sup.m+ comprises: ammonium ion and/or organic amine (B) cation, wherein

[00001]$m=1.Math.\text{-10;}.Math..Math.0<p\frac{n}{m};$

and wherein A.sup.n is one or more selected from following anions: (a) carbamate; (b) carbonate; (c) formate; (d) bicarbonate radical; (e) organic mono carbonate; (f) organic radical multi-carbamate; (g) orthoformate; or (h) organic radical poly-carbonate. The compound of the general formula (I) has at least one of hydroxyalkyl group linked to N atom, i.e., has alkanolamine residue. They can be used as polyurethane foaming agent, polystyrene foaming agent or polyvinyl choride foaming agent.

A foaming agent comprising organic amine salt compounds of the following general formula A.sup.n [B.sup.m+].sub.p (I) is disclosed, wherein A.sup.n is a CO.sub.2-donating anion with a valence of n, wherein n=1, 2 or 3; each B.sup.m+ comprises: ammonium ion and/or organic amine (B) cation, wherein

[00001]$m=1.Math.\text{-10;}.Math..Math.0<p\frac{n}{m};$

and wherein A.sup.n is one or more selected from following anions: (a) carbamate; (b) carbonate; (c) formate; (d) bicarbonate radical; (e) organic mono carbonate; (f) organic radical multi-carbamate; (g) orthoformate; or (h) organic radical poly-carbonate. The compound of the general formula (I) has at least one of hydroxyalkyl group linked to N atom, i.e., has alkanolamine residue. They can be used as polyurethane foaming agent, polystyrene foaming agent or polyvinyl choride foaming agent.