This document describes biochemical pathways for producing 7-hydroxyheptanoate methyl ester and heptanoic acid heptyl ester using one or more of a fatty acid O-methyltransferase, an alcohol O-acetyltransferase, and a monooxygenase, as well as recombinant hosts expressing one or more of such exogenous enzymes. 7-hydroxyheptanoate methyl esters and heptanoic acid heptyl esters can be enzymatically converted to pimelic acid, 7-aminoheptanoate, 7-hydroxyheptanoate, heptamethylenediamine, or 1,7-heptanediol.

This document describes biochemical pathways for producing 7-hydroxyheptanoate methyl ester and heptanoic acid heptyl ester using one or more of a fatty acid O-methyltransferase, an alcohol O-acetyltransferase, and a monooxygenase, as well as recombinant hosts expressing one or more of such exogenous enzymes. 7-hydroxyheptanoate methyl esters and heptanoic acid heptyl esters can be enzymatically converted to pimelic acid, 7-aminoheptanoate, 7-hydroxyheptanoate, heptamethylenediamine, or 1,7-heptanediol.

The present disclosure provides a process. In an embodiment, the process includes providing a purge stream composed of octene isomers. The process includes subjecting the purge stream to hydroformylation conditions, and forming a reaction product composed of nonanals.

The present disclosure provides a process. In an embodiment, the process includes providing a purge stream composed of octene isomers. The process includes subjecting the purge stream to hydroformylation conditions, and forming a reaction product composed of nonanals.

The present disclosure provides a process. In an embodiment, the process includes providing a purge stream composed of octene isomers. The process includes subjecting the purge stream to hydroformylation conditions, and forming a reaction product composed of nonanals.

The present disclosure provides a composition. In an embodiment, the composition includes 2-heptylundecanol; a member selected from the group consisting of 2-ethyhexanol and 2-propylheptanol; and a mixture of an alcohol (1) and an alcohol (2), alcohol (1) having the Structure (1) wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of an ethyl group and a propyl group, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl group, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is 7, and alcohol (2) having the Structure (2) wherein R.sub.4 is selected from the group consisting of an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, and an isobutyl group.

The present disclosure provides a composition. In an embodiment, the composition includes 2-heptylundecanol; a member selected from the group consisting of 2-ethyhexanol and 2-propylheptanol; and a mixture of an alcohol (1) and an alcohol (2), alcohol (1) having the Structure (1) wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of an ethyl group and a propyl group, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl group, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is 7, and alcohol (2) having the Structure (2) wherein R.sub.4 is selected from the group consisting of an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, and an isobutyl group.

Bisphosphite ligands based on benzopinacol, and the use thereof in hydroformylation.

Bisphosphite ligands based on benzopinacol, and the use thereof in hydroformylation.

There is provided a catalyst having an average electronegativity of 2.1 or more and 2.8 or less.