The present disclosure relates to a heterocyclic compound represented by formula (1), (2) or (3), or a salt thereof. The present disclosure also relates to an active material containing at least one heterocyclic compound or a salt thereof described above, an electrolytic solution containing the active material, and a redox flow battery including the electrolytic solution.

The present application provides a medicament having an anti-inflammatory bowel disease function, and a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. The medicament has a structure as represented in formula I or formula II. The medicament and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a solvate, a prodrug, a tautomer, a stereoisomer, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof provided by the present application have a good effect on inflammatory bowel diseases, can be used for preparing medicaments for treating the inflammatory bowel diseases, and have important clinical significance and wide application prospects.

A series of new macrocycles and cage-like molecules are obtained in a high yield from a bis-(2,4-dialkoxyphenyl)arene (naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene, porphyrin, etc.) or a tris-(2,4-dialkoxyphenyl)arene (benzene, sym-tribenzobenzene) and paraformaldehyde under the catalysis of a Lewis acid. In addition, perhydroxybiphenylarenes (tetrabiphenyl trimer, naphthalene dimer, etc.) can be obtained by means of demethylation, and a variety of water-soluble derivatives can be obtained by further modification, with same exhibiting a good bond ability for guest molecules (purpurine, etc.). Moreover, the functional group introduced into the backbone enables the macrocycle to have excellent adsorption and separation capabilities and a photophysical property. The macrocyclic and cage-like molecules have commercially available raw materials, are simple to synthesize, have a high yield, and are convenient to modify, such that same have wide application prospects in gas adsorption and separation, facilitate performance improvement of luminescent materials, perform adsorption of water-soluble toxic substances, etc.

A series of new macrocycles and cage-like molecules are obtained in a high yield from a bis-(2,4-dialkoxyphenyl)arene (naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene, porphyrin, etc.) or a tris-(2,4-dialkoxyphenyl)arene (benzene, sym-tribenzobenzene) and paraformaldehyde under the catalysis of a Lewis acid. In addition, perhydroxybiphenylarenes (tetrabiphenyl trimer, naphthalene dimer, etc.) can be obtained by means of demethylation, and a variety of water-soluble derivatives can be obtained by further modification, with same exhibiting a good bond ability for guest molecules (purpurine, etc.). Moreover, the functional group introduced into the backbone enables the macrocycle to have excellent adsorption and separation capabilities and a photophysical property. The macrocyclic and cage-like molecules have commercially available raw materials, are simple to synthesize, have a high yield, and are convenient to modify, such that same have wide application prospects in gas adsorption and separation, facilitate performance improvement of luminescent materials, perform adsorption of water-soluble toxic substances, etc.

Disclosed are 1,3-Dioxoindene derivatives, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or enantiomers, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of viral diseases, comprising the same as an active ingredient. The 1,3-Dioxoindene derivatives have excellent inhibitory activity against picornaviruses including coxsackie-, entero-, echo-, Polio-, and rhinoviruses, as well as exhibiting low cytotoxicity, so that they can be useful as an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of viral diseases including poliomyelitis, paralysis, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, viral meningitis, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular disease, hepatitis A, myositis, myocarditis, pancreatitis, diabetes, epidemic myalgia, encephalitis, cold, herpangina, foot-and-mouth disease, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, sinusitis or otitis media.

Disclosed are 1,3-Dioxoindene derivatives, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or enantiomers, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of viral diseases, comprising the same as an active ingredient. The 1,3-Dioxoindene derivatives have excellent inhibitory activity against picornaviruses including coxsackie-, entero-, echo-, Polio-, and rhinoviruses, as well as exhibiting low cytotoxicity, so that they can be useful as an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of viral diseases including poliomyelitis, paralysis, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, viral meningitis, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular disease, hepatitis A, myositis, myocarditis, pancreatitis, diabetes, epidemic myalgia, encephalitis, cold, herpangina, foot-and-mouth disease, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, sinusitis or otitis media.

The invention provides a new process for the preparation of treprostinil of formula (I) and its salts using several new intermediates during the building of the ring system.

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The invention provides a new process for the preparation of treprostinil of formula (I) and its salts using several new intermediates during the building of the ring system.

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Compositions and methods related to anti-cancer terpenoid compounds isolated from plants in the Salviniaceae family, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, and methods of treating cancer.

Compositions and methods related to anti-cancer terpenoid compounds isolated from plants in the Salviniaceae family, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, and methods of treating cancer.