The disclosure provides therapeutic compositions (i.e., therapeutic agents) and methods of preventing or treating Friedreich's ataxia in a mammalian subject, reducing risk factors, signs and/or symptoms associated with Friedreich's ataxia (e.g., Complex I deficiency), and/or reducing the likelihood or severity of Friedreich's ataxia. The disclosure further provides novel intermediates for the production of said therapeutic compositions and related reduced versions of said therapeutic compositions, which reduce forms may also be used as therapeutic agents (or prodrugs of the therapeutic agent(s)).

Embodiments of the present invention provide for syntheses of pattern-specific compounds using hypohalites, such as hypochlorous acid, sodium hypochlorite and potassium hypoiodite, as dual-radical generators, wherein the synthesis can be implemented by a cyclization reaction, a dehydrogenation reaction, a hydroxylation reaction, a decarboxylation reaction, or any combination of the above four.

Embodiments of the present invention provide for syntheses of pattern-specific compounds using hypohalites, such as hypochlorous acid, sodium hypochlorite and potassium hypoiodite, as dual-radical generators, wherein the synthesis can be implemented by a cyclization reaction, a dehydrogenation reaction, a hydroxylation reaction, a decarboxylation reaction, or any combination of the above four.

Disclosed herein are compounds and methods of using such compounds for treating or suppressing oxidative stress disorders, including mitochondrial disorders, impaired energy processing disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and diseases of aging, or for modulating one or more energy biomarkers, normalizing one or more energy biomarkers, or enhancing one or more energy biomarkers, wherein the compounds are tocopherol quinone derivatives. Further disclosed are compounds, compositions, and methods for treatment of, or prophylaxis against, radiation exposure.

Disclosed herein are compounds and methods of using such compounds for treating or suppressing oxidative stress disorders, including mitochondrial disorders, impaired energy processing disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and diseases of aging, or for modulating one or more energy biomarkers, normalizing one or more energy biomarkers, or enhancing one or more energy biomarkers, wherein the compounds are tocopherol quinone derivatives. Further disclosed are compounds, compositions, and methods for treatment of, or prophylaxis against, radiation exposure.

Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention, such as alpha-tocopherol quinone. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.

Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention, such as alpha-tocopherol quinone. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.

Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention, such as alpha-tocopherol quinone. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.

The present invention relates to novel cannabigerol quinone derivatives of formula (I) wherein R is the carbon atom of a linear or branched group, represented by: aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl or alcoxycarbonil groups; or wherein R is the nitrogen atom of a linear or branched group, represented by: alkylamino, arylamino, alkenylamino or alkynylamino groups; or, alternatively, R represents a bond between 2 molecules of formula (I) forming a dimer. The invention also relates to the use of any of the compounds of formula (I) as medicaments in therapy, particularly for treating PPARg-related diseases due to their high PPARg agonistic effect lacking electrophilic (Nrf2 activation) and cytotoxic activities. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds and method of treating diseases with said compounds.

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The present invention relates to novel cannabigerol quinone derivatives of formula (I) wherein R is the carbon atom of a linear or branched group, represented by: aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl or alcoxycarbonil groups; or wherein R is the nitrogen atom of a linear or branched group, represented by: alkylamino, arylamino, alkenylamino or alkynylamino groups; or, alternatively, R represents a bond between 2 molecules of formula (I) forming a dimer. The invention also relates to the use of any of the compounds of formula (I) as medicaments in therapy, particularly for treating PPARg-related diseases due to their high PPARg agonistic effect lacking electrophilic (Nrf2 activation) and cytotoxic activities. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds and method of treating diseases with said compounds.

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