A strengthening oxidation system of the external micro-interfacial unit for producing PTA with PX is provided, including: a reactor, a circulating heat exchange device and a micro-interfacial unit. The reactor includes an outer casing and an inner cylinder disposed concentrically inside the outer casing. The circulating heat exchange device is disposed at an exterior of the reactor, and is connected with the outer casing and the inner cylinder respectively, for regulating reaction temperatures of the first reaction zone, the second reaction zone and the third reaction zone inside the reactor in a reaction process of producing PTA with PX. the micro-interfacial unit is connected between the reactor and the circulating heat exchange device, and connected with an external feed pipe of the reactor, for crushing a gas phase material into micro bubbles with a diameter greater than or equal to 1 μm and less than 1 mm and for mixing the micro bubbles with a liquid phase material to form an emulsion at the exterior of the reactor before a reaction material enters each of the reaction zones inside the reactor.

A strengthening oxidation system of the external micro-interfacial unit for producing PTA with PX is provided, including: a reactor, a circulating heat exchange device and a micro-interfacial unit. The reactor includes an outer casing and an inner cylinder disposed concentrically inside the outer casing. The circulating heat exchange device is disposed at an exterior of the reactor, and is connected with the outer casing and the inner cylinder respectively, for regulating reaction temperatures of the first reaction zone, the second reaction zone and the third reaction zone inside the reactor in a reaction process of producing PTA with PX. the micro-interfacial unit is connected between the reactor and the circulating heat exchange device, and connected with an external feed pipe of the reactor, for crushing a gas phase material into micro bubbles with a diameter greater than or equal to 1 μm and less than 1 mm and for mixing the micro bubbles with a liquid phase material to form an emulsion at the exterior of the reactor before a reaction material enters each of the reaction zones inside the reactor.

The invention relates to a process for obtaining a formate from a reaction mixture (10) in which a polyoxometallate ion, which acts as a catalyst, is in contact with an organic material at a temperature below 120° C. to produce formic acid in an aqueous solution, with the following steps. a) separating a mixture of formic acid and water from the reaction mixture by reverse osmosis and/or as vapor (18), the vapor (18) subsequently being condensed, and b) reacting the formic acid with a hydroxide (24) in aqueous solution to produce a solution of a formate.

The invention relates to a process for obtaining a formate from a reaction mixture (10) in which a polyoxometallate ion, which acts as a catalyst, is in contact with an organic material at a temperature below 120° C. to produce formic acid in an aqueous solution, with the following steps. a) separating a mixture of formic acid and water from the reaction mixture by reverse osmosis and/or as vapor (18), the vapor (18) subsequently being condensed, and b) reacting the formic acid with a hydroxide (24) in aqueous solution to produce a solution of a formate.

Processes for converting a hydrocarbon reactant into an alcohol compound and/or a carbonyl compound are disclosed, and these processes include the steps of forming a supported chromium catalyst comprising chromium in a hexavalent oxidation state, irradiating the hydrocarbon reactant and the supported chromium catalyst with a light beam at a wavelength in the UV-visible spectrum to reduce at least a portion of the supported chromium catalyst to form a reduced chromium catalyst, and hydrolyzing the reduced chromium catalyst to form a reaction product comprising the alcohol compound and/or the carbonyl compound. The supported chromium catalyst can be formed by heat treating a supported chromium precursor, contacting a chromium precursor with a solid support while heat treating, or heat treating a solid support and then contacting a chromium precursor with the solid support.

Processes for converting a hydrocarbon reactant into an alcohol compound and/or a carbonyl compound are disclosed, and these processes include the steps of forming a supported chromium catalyst comprising chromium in a hexavalent oxidation state, irradiating the hydrocarbon reactant and the supported chromium catalyst with a light beam at a wavelength in the UV-visible spectrum to reduce at least a portion of the supported chromium catalyst to form a reduced chromium catalyst, and hydrolyzing the reduced chromium catalyst to form a reaction product comprising the alcohol compound and/or the carbonyl compound. The supported chromium catalyst can be formed by heat treating a supported chromium precursor, contacting a chromium precursor with a solid support while heat treating, or heat treating a solid support and then contacting a chromium precursor with the solid support.

The invention relates to a process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the alkane and/or alkene is contacted with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide and one or more diluents selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and steam, and wherein the conversion of the alkane and/or alkene is at least 40%.

The invention relates to a process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or the oxidation of an alkene containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the alkane and/or alkene is contacted with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide and one or more diluents selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and steam, and wherein the conversion of the alkane and/or alkene is at least 40%.

This invention relates to a method of continuously preparing acrylic acid and an apparatus using the same, the method including: (1) subjecting a feed including propane, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide to partial oxidation using a catalyst, thus obtaining an acrylic acid-containing mixed gas, (2) separating the acrylic acid-containing mixed gas into an acrylic acid-containing solution and a gas byproduct, (3) separating an acrylic acid solution from the separated acrylic acid-containing solution, and (4) recycling the separated gas byproduct into the feed.

This invention relates to a method of continuously preparing acrylic acid and an apparatus using the same, the method including: (1) subjecting a feed including propane, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide to partial oxidation using a catalyst, thus obtaining an acrylic acid-containing mixed gas, (2) separating the acrylic acid-containing mixed gas into an acrylic acid-containing solution and a gas byproduct, (3) separating an acrylic acid solution from the separated acrylic acid-containing solution, and (4) recycling the separated gas byproduct into the feed.