Methods for syntheses of organic acids from α-keto acids, including methods for syntheses of isotopically enriched organic acids from α-keto acids are disclosed. The isotopically enriched organic acids are useful, for example, in metabolic flux analyses.

Methods for syntheses of organic acids from α-keto acids, including methods for syntheses of isotopically enriched organic acids from α-keto acids are disclosed. The isotopically enriched organic acids are useful, for example, in metabolic flux analyses.

A method for producing carbon monoxide includes decomposing formic acid, in the presence of water, by hydrothermal reaction under conditions with a temperature T of 350° C. or less and a pressure P being equal to or more than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the temperature T.

A method for producing carbon monoxide includes decomposing formic acid, in the presence of water, by hydrothermal reaction under conditions with a temperature T of 350° C. or less and a pressure P being equal to or more than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the temperature T.

Disclosed is a method for preparing compound S-1 (S-1) comprising resolving compound rac-2 (rac-2) with a compound of Formula 3 wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.4, m and n are as defined in the disclosure.

##STR00001##

Disclosed is a method for preparing compound S-1 (S-1) comprising resolving compound rac-2 (rac-2) with a compound of Formula 3 wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.4, m and n are as defined in the disclosure.

##STR00001##

A novel highly stable sodium diacetate crystal, in which the volatilization of acetic acid can be suppressed for a long period. More specifically, a sodium diacetate crystal having a median diameter in the range of 300 to 3000 μm.

A novel highly stable sodium diacetate crystal, in which the volatilization of acetic acid can be suppressed for a long period. More specifically, a sodium diacetate crystal having a median diameter in the range of 300 to 3000 μm.

The present invention aims to provide a method of producing, more efficiently at a high purity, a phosphoramidite preferable for the production (synthesis) of a nucleic acid. Using a coupling reaction of an ether represented by the following chemical formula (105), an enantiomer, tautomer or stereoisomer thereof, or a salt thereof, and a glycoside compound, phosphoramidite that enables efficient synthesis of nucleic acid can be obtained:

##STR00001##

wherein n is a positive integer, and R and R′ are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl-protecting group.

The present invention aims to provide a method of producing, more efficiently at a high purity, a phosphoramidite preferable for the production (synthesis) of a nucleic acid. Using a coupling reaction of an ether represented by the following chemical formula (105), an enantiomer, tautomer or stereoisomer thereof, or a salt thereof, and a glycoside compound, phosphoramidite that enables efficient synthesis of nucleic acid can be obtained:

##STR00001##

wherein n is a positive integer, and R and R′ are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl-protecting group.