The present disclosure relates generally to various forms and compositions useful as beta adrenergic agonists and uses of the same in the treatment of diseases associated with an adrenergic receptor. In one aspect, the disclosure provides a crystalline solid form of Compound 1: selected from Form A and Form B and salt forms thereof.

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Salts of hexylamine, for example, hexylamine succinate and tri-hexylamine citrate and their method of production are described. The disclosure also relates to compositions comprising hexyalmine, for example, for reducing appetite in a human subject, treating obesity in a human subject, preventing obesity in a human subject, preventing weight gain in a human subject, increasing fat loss in a human subject, treating an overweight human subject, increasing athletic performance in a human subject, increasing endurance in a human subject, increasing muscle strength in a human subject, improving cognitive function in a human subject, treating ADHD in a human subject, increasing sweating in a human subject, reducing reaction time of a human subject, increasing psychomotor vigilance of a human subject, enhancing memory in a human subject, increasing central nervous system activity in a human subject, and enhancing alertness, attention, concentration, and/or memory in a human subject.

The present invention relates to a brivaracetam intermediate, a preparation method therefor, and a preparation method for brivaracetam. The steps of the method for preparing brivaracetam described in the present invention are short and the raw materials are cheap, moreover, the method is simple and highly effective without requiring isomer separation by means of column chromatography or asymmetric synthesis, being suitable for industrial large-scale production. In addition, disclosed by the present invention is a compound as shown in formula (II), which may be used for the synthesis of brivaracetam. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a brivaracetam intermediate, a preparation method therefor, and a preparation method for brivaracetam. The steps of the method for preparing brivaracetam described in the present invention are short and the raw materials are cheap, moreover, the method is simple and highly effective without requiring isomer separation by means of column chromatography or asymmetric synthesis, being suitable for industrial large-scale production. In addition, disclosed by the present invention is a compound as shown in formula (II), which may be used for the synthesis of brivaracetam. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure encompasses a novel solid state form of Blarcamesine and salts thereof, processes for preparation thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.

The present invention provides a maleate, phosphate, sulfate, hydrochloride of a cyclohexane derivative, N′-[trans-4-[2-[7-(benzo[b]thiophene)-7-piperazinyl]ethyl]cyclohexyl]-N,N-dimethylurea, as shown in Formula I and crystal forms thereof. The crystal forms have low hygroscopicity and good stability and are convenient for long-term storage and transportation; or the crystal forms have a long half-life in vivo, high bioavailability and small individual difference, and thus have obvious clinical application advantages.

The present disclosure relates to solid state forms of roluperidone and salts thereof, processes for preparation thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.

A method of production of malic acid includes treating a first intermediate product to form a second intermediate product. The treating includes substantially removing impurities from the first intermediate product to obtain a treated intermediate product by gas stripping the crude maleic anhydride, or subjecting a mixture of one or more of the crude maleic acid, the crude fumaric acid, and the vent gas scrubber solution obtained from a phthalic anhydride production process or a maleic anhydride production process to crystallization, passing an aqueous solution of the treated intermediate product through a carbon column to substantially remove retained impurities to form the second intermediate product, obtaining a feed that includes the second intermediate product, and causing the feed to undergo hydration reaction in a tubular reactor or a continuous stirred tank reactor to produce malic acid.

A method of production of malic acid includes treating a first intermediate product to form a second intermediate product. The treating includes substantially removing impurities from the first intermediate product to obtain a treated intermediate product by gas stripping the crude maleic anhydride, or subjecting a mixture of one or more of the crude maleic acid, the crude fumaric acid, and the vent gas scrubber solution obtained from a phthalic anhydride production process or a maleic anhydride production process to crystallization, passing an aqueous solution of the treated intermediate product through a carbon column to substantially remove retained impurities to form the second intermediate product, obtaining a feed that includes the second intermediate product, and causing the feed to undergo hydration reaction in a tubular reactor or a continuous stirred tank reactor to produce malic acid.

A crystalline form of CXCR2 antagonist, such as Compound 1, is used in preparing a drug for treating CXCR2-related diseases.

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