The present invention is directed to cycloalkenyl derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of disorders and conditions modulated by the GPR120 and/or GPR40 receptors. More particularly, the compounds of the present invention are agonists of GPR120 and/or GPR40, useful in the treatment of, for example, obesity, Type II Diabetes Mellitus, dyslipidemia, etc.

The present invention is directed to cycloalkenyl derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of disorders and conditions modulated by the GPR120 and/or GPR40 receptors. More particularly, the compounds of the present invention are agonists of GPR120 and/or GPR40, useful in the treatment of, for example, obesity, Type II Diabetes Mellitus, dyslipidemia, etc.

The present invention relates to the fracturing field, and discloses a water solution, a clean fracturing fluid, and a method for fracturing reservoir. The water solution contains organic acid amidopropyl dimethylamine, an additive, and water, wherein, the additive is at least one of salicylate, cis-butenedioic acid, o-phthalic acid, dodecyl sulfonate, p-toluene sulfonate, and benzoate. The water solution has high carbon dioxide response performance, a clean fracturing fluid that contains the water solution has superior cyclic utilization performance, and the fracturing fluid can solve the problems of conventional fracturing fluids used in fracturing stimulation of oil and gas reservoirs, including incomplete gel breaking, severe damages to the reservoir, and severe contamination of flow-back fluid, etc.

The present invention relates to the fracturing field, and discloses a water solution, a clean fracturing fluid, and a method for fracturing reservoir. The water solution contains organic acid amidopropyl dimethylamine, an additive, and water, wherein, the additive is at least one of salicylate, cis-butenedioic acid, o-phthalic acid, dodecyl sulfonate, p-toluene sulfonate, and benzoate. The water solution has high carbon dioxide response performance, a clean fracturing fluid that contains the water solution has superior cyclic utilization performance, and the fracturing fluid can solve the problems of conventional fracturing fluids used in fracturing stimulation of oil and gas reservoirs, including incomplete gel breaking, severe damages to the reservoir, and severe contamination of flow-back fluid, etc.

The present invention relates to the fracturing field, and discloses a water solution, a clean fracturing fluid, and a method for fracturing reservoir. The water solution contains organic acid amidopropyl dimethylamine, an additive, and water, wherein, the additive is at least one of salicylate, cis-butenedioic acid, o-phthalic acid, dodecyl sulfonate, p-toluene sulfonate, and benzoate. The water solution has high carbon dioxide response performance, a clean fracturing fluid that contains the water solution has superior cyclic utilization performance, and the fracturing fluid can solve the problems of conventional fracturing fluids used in fracturing stimulation of oil and gas reservoirs, including incomplete gel breaking, severe damages to the reservoir, and severe contamination of flow-back fluid, etc.

The present invention relates to the fracturing field, and discloses a water solution, a clean fracturing fluid, and a method for fracturing reservoir. The water solution contains organic acid amidopropyl dimethylamine, an additive, and water, wherein, the additive is at least one of salicylate, cis-butenedioic acid, o-phthalic acid, dodecyl sulfonate, p-toluene sulfonate, and benzoate. The water solution has high carbon dioxide response performance, a clean fracturing fluid that contains the water solution has superior cyclic utilization performance, and the fracturing fluid can solve the problems of conventional fracturing fluids used in fracturing stimulation of oil and gas reservoirs, including incomplete gel breaking, severe damages to the reservoir, and severe contamination of flow-back fluid, etc.

In a process for producing biphenyl compounds, a C.sub.n aromatic hydrocarbon may be hydroalkylated to give C.sub.2n cycloalkylaromatic compounds and byproduct C.sub.n saturated cyclic hydrocarbons. The C.sub.2n cycloalkylaromatic compounds are dehydrogenated to provide the biphenyl compounds. The C.sub.n saturated cyclic hydrocarbons may also be dehydrogenated back to the corresponding C.sub.n aromatic hydrocarbon, which may be recycled to provide additional feed. Although both the intermediate C.sub.2n cycloalkylaromatic compounds and the byproduct C.sub.n saturated cyclic hydrocarbons should be dehydrogenated, at least part of the dehydrogenation of the C.sub.n saturated cyclic hydrocarbons should take place in the absence of C.sub.2n or greater hydrocarbons. Thus, dehydrogenation of the byproduct C.sub.n saturated cyclic hydrocarbons should take place at least in part separately from dehydrogenation of the C.sub.2n cycloalkylaromatic compounds.

In a process for producing biphenyl compounds, a C.sub.n aromatic hydrocarbon may be hydroalkylated to give C.sub.2n cycloalkylaromatic compounds and byproduct C.sub.n saturated cyclic hydrocarbons. The C.sub.2n cycloalkylaromatic compounds are dehydrogenated to provide the biphenyl compounds. The C.sub.n saturated cyclic hydrocarbons may also be dehydrogenated back to the corresponding C.sub.n aromatic hydrocarbon, which may be recycled to provide additional feed. Although both the intermediate C.sub.2n cycloalkylaromatic compounds and the byproduct C.sub.n saturated cyclic hydrocarbons should be dehydrogenated, at least part of the dehydrogenation of the C.sub.n saturated cyclic hydrocarbons should take place in the absence of C.sub.2n or greater hydrocarbons. Thus, dehydrogenation of the byproduct C.sub.n saturated cyclic hydrocarbons should take place at least in part separately from dehydrogenation of the C.sub.2n cycloalkylaromatic compounds.