The present invention refers to a process for the purification of levulinic acid, an aqueous solution comprising levulinic acid and a process for the production of levulinic acid.

The present invention refers to a process for the purification of levulinic acid, an aqueous solution comprising levulinic acid and a process for the production of levulinic acid.

The present invention relates to a novel liquid-liquid extraction process of a bio-oil obtained by an improved thermochemical process. This extraction process gives rise to two distinct phases: an organic phase, with bio-oil of energetic added value, and an aqueous phase, where the following can be obtained by chemical compounds with added value: lactic acid, formic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, levulinic acid, monosaccharides, disaccharides and compounds with antioxidant properties, among others.

The present invention relates to a novel liquid-liquid extraction process of a bio-oil obtained by an improved thermochemical process. This extraction process gives rise to two distinct phases: an organic phase, with bio-oil of energetic added value, and an aqueous phase, where the following can be obtained by chemical compounds with added value: lactic acid, formic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, levulinic acid, monosaccharides, disaccharides and compounds with antioxidant properties, among others.

A method for producing a carbonyl compound represented by formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or an organic group; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or an organic group; and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or an organic group; or two or three of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 may be linked to form a ring that may have at least one substituent, the method comprising step A of oxidizing an olefin compound represented by formula (2): ##STR00002##
wherein symbols are as defined above, by an oxidizing agent in the presence of (a) a non-alcohol organic solvent, (b) water, (c) a metal catalyst, and (d) an additive represented by the formula: MXn, wherein M is an element belonging to any one of Group 1, Group 2, Group 13, Group 14, and Group 15 in the periodic table, or NR.sub.4, wherein R is hydrogen or a C.sub.1-10 organic group; X is halogen; and n is a number of 1 to 5.

A method for producing a carbonyl compound represented by formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or an organic group; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or an organic group; and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or an organic group; or two or three of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 may be linked to form a ring that may have at least one substituent, the method comprising step A of oxidizing an olefin compound represented by formula (2): ##STR00002##
wherein symbols are as defined above, by an oxidizing agent in the presence of (a) a non-alcohol organic solvent, (b) water, (c) a metal catalyst, and (d) an additive represented by the formula: MXn, wherein M is an element belonging to any one of Group 1, Group 2, Group 13, Group 14, and Group 15 in the periodic table, or NR.sub.4, wherein R is hydrogen or a C.sub.1-10 organic group; X is halogen; and n is a number of 1 to 5.

The present invention is directed to a new class of lipids, more specifically ether-lipids having a polar headgroup, as well as vesicles comprising these lipids, methods of their preparation as well as their uses in medical applications, wherein the ether-lipids are represented by general formula I ##STR00001##

The present invention is directed to a new class of lipids, more specifically ether-lipids having a polar headgroup, as well as vesicles comprising these lipids, methods of their preparation as well as their uses in medical applications, wherein the ether-lipids are represented by general formula I ##STR00001##

The present invention provides kinase inhibitor analogs with improved properties, such as improved efficacy, pharmacokinetics, safety, and specificity. In some embodiments, the present invention provides nilotinib analogs that provide therapeutic benefits.

The present invention provides kinase inhibitor analogs with improved properties, such as improved efficacy, pharmacokinetics, safety, and specificity. In some embodiments, the present invention provides nilotinib analogs that provide therapeutic benefits.