The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for metathesizing a first alkenyl or alkynyl group with a second alkenyl or alkynyl group, the composition comprising a ruthenium metathesis catalyst and a photo-redox catalyst that is activated by infrared light.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for metathesizing a first alkenyl or alkynyl group with a second alkenyl or alkynyl group, the composition comprising a ruthenium metathesis catalyst and a photo-redox catalyst that is activated by infrared light.

A process for extraction of crude oil from distillers dried grain solubles and/or distillers dried grains using a solvent extraction process and producing corn distillers meal that may be used as an animal feed supplement is disclosed. The corn distillers meal may be used as a crude protein supplement for use in a livestock feed diet, poultry feed diet, aquatic feed diet or the like. The solvent extracted crude oil may be suitable for other processes, including oleochemical processing for personal care and home care products, biodiesel production, and/or renewable diesel production from hydro-treating the extracted oil to make green diesel fuel.

It is provided an ester for a refrigerator oil and of mixed alcohols and mixed monocarboxylic acids. The mixed alcohols include dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol in a mass ratio of 90/10 to 99.7/0.3, and the mixed monocarboxylic acids include n-pentanoic acid and 2-methyl butanoic acid in a mass ratio of 50/50 to 80/20. The ester has a kinematic viscosity of 50 to 150 mm.sup.2/s at 40° C.

It is provided an ester for a refrigerator oil and of mixed alcohols and mixed monocarboxylic acids. The mixed alcohols include dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol in a mass ratio of 90/10 to 99.7/0.3, and the mixed monocarboxylic acids include n-pentanoic acid and 2-methyl butanoic acid in a mass ratio of 50/50 to 80/20. The ester has a kinematic viscosity of 50 to 150 mm.sup.2/s at 40° C.

The present invention provides an industrially advantageous production method of (1R,2S)-2-{[((2,4-dimethylpyrimidin-5-yl)oxy}methyl]-2-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide.

(1R,2S)-2-{[((2,4-Dimethylpyrimidin-5-yl)oxyl}methyl]-2-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide (compound [A]) is produced by an industrially advantageous method by a route via a novel compound.

##STR00001##

wherein each symbol is as described in the description.

The present invention provides an industrially advantageous production method of (1R,2S)-2-{[((2,4-dimethylpyrimidin-5-yl)oxy}methyl]-2-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide.

(1R,2S)-2-{[((2,4-Dimethylpyrimidin-5-yl)oxyl}methyl]-2-(3-fluorophenyl)-N-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxamide (compound [A]) is produced by an industrially advantageous method by a route via a novel compound.

##STR00001##

wherein each symbol is as described in the description.

A process for extraction of crude oil from distillers dried grain solubles and/or distillers dried grains using a solvent extraction process and producing corn distillers meal that may be used as an animal feed supplement is disclosed. The corn distillers meal may be used as a crude protein supplement for use in a livestock feed diet, poultry feed diet, aquatic feed diet or the like. The solvent extracted crude oil may be suitable for other processes, including oleochemical processing for personal care and home care products, biodiesel production, and/or renewable diesel production from hydro-treating the extracted oil to make green diesel fuel.

A process for extraction of crude oil from distillers dried grain solubles and/or distillers dried grains using a solvent extraction process and producing corn distillers meal that may be used as an animal feed supplement is disclosed. The corn distillers meal may be used as a crude protein supplement for use in a livestock feed diet, poultry feed diet, aquatic feed diet or the like. The solvent extracted crude oil may be suitable for other processes, including oleochemical processing for personal care and home care products, biodiesel production, and/or renewable diesel production from hydro-treating the extracted oil to make green diesel fuel.

Ru-catalysed domino hydroformylation/hydrogenation/esterification using imidazole ligands.