Provided is a process for the preparation of certain 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives. The new synthetic procedure involves treating 1,4-dimethylene cyclohexane with an oxidizing agent in the presence of a transition metal catalyst to afford an oxo-substituted bicyclo[2.2.2]octane species. This intermediate structure can then be further derivatized. The processes of this disclosure thus affords a novel and simplified means for the commercial production of a wide variety of bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives.

Provided is a process for the preparation of certain 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives. The new synthetic procedure involves treating 1,4-dimethylene cyclohexane with an oxidizing agent in the presence of a transition metal catalyst to afford an oxo-substituted bicyclo[2.2.2]octane species. This intermediate structure can then be further derivatized. The processes of this disclosure thus affords a novel and simplified means for the commercial production of a wide variety of bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives.

Provided is a process for the preparation of certain 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives. The new synthetic procedure involves treating 1,4-dimethylene cyclohexane with an oxidizing agent in the presence of a transition metal catalyst to afford an oxo-substituted bicyclo[2.2.2]octane species. This intermediate structure can then be further derivatized. The processes of this disclosure thus affords a novel and simplified means for the commercial production of a wide variety of bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives.

The various aspects presented herein relate to the perfumery industry. More particularly, the various aspects presented herein relate to malodor counteracting compositions and/or ingredients, methods for counteracting malodors, as well as to the perfumed articles or perfuming compositions comprising as an active ingredient, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: a compound of Formula (I), a compound of Formula (II), a compound of Formula (III), a compound of Formula (IV), and mixtures thereof.

Provided is a polar compound having high chemical stability, high capability of aligning liquid crystal molecules, high solubility in a liquid crystal composition, and a large voltage holding ratio when used in a liquid crystal display device. The compound is represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

in which, for example, R.sup.1 is alkyl having 1 to 15 carbons; MES is a mesogen group having at least one ring; Sp.sup.1 is a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 10 carbons; M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 are hydrogen; and R.sup.2 is a group represented by formulas (1a) to (1c):

##STR00002##

in which, Sp.sup.2 and Sp.sup.a are a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 10 carbons; S.sup.1 is >CH—; S.sup.2 is >C<; and X.sup.1 is —OH.

Provided is a polar compound having high chemical stability, high capability of aligning liquid crystal molecules, high solubility in a liquid crystal composition, and a large voltage holding ratio when used in a liquid crystal display device. The compound is represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

in which, for example, R.sup.1 is alkyl having 1 to 15 carbons; MES is a mesogen group having at least one ring; Sp.sup.1 is a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 10 carbons; M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 are hydrogen; and R.sup.2 is a group represented by formulas (1a) to (1c):

##STR00002##

in which, Sp.sup.2 and Sp.sup.a are a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 10 carbons; S.sup.1 is >CH—; S.sup.2 is >C<; and X.sup.1 is —OH.

The present disclosure provides treprostinil derivatives that can act as prodrugs of treprostinil. The treprostinil derivatives can be used to treat any conditions responsive to treatment with treprostinil, including pulmonary hypertension, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The present disclosure provides treprostinil derivatives that can act as prodrugs of treprostinil. The treprostinil derivatives can be used to treat any conditions responsive to treatment with treprostinil, including pulmonary hypertension, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The present invention provides method of treating a K-Ras-expressing cancer in a subject comprising administering to the subject a therapeutic amount of prostratin or a prostratin analog, or a salt or isomer thereof. Compositions and kits for treating a K-Rasexpressing cancer in a subject are also provided.

The present invention relates to novel effective alkynyl-substituted N-phenylpyrrolidine-2,4-diones according to the general formula (I) or agrochemically acceptable salts thereof,

##STR00001##

where
X=C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.4-haloalkyl or C.sub.3-C.sub.6-cycloalkyl, Y=C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl or C.sub.3-C.sub.6-cycloalkyl, R.sup.1=hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.6-alkyl, or C.sub.3-C.sub.6-cycloalkyl, R.sup.2=hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.3=C.sub.1-C.sub.6-alkyl or C.sub.1-C.sub.6-alkoxy-C.sub.2-C.sub.6-alkyl, G=hydrogen, a cleavable group L or a cation E.

The invention further relates to a herbicidal composition comprising a compound of the general formula (I) and to the use of the compounds according to the invention for controlling weeds and weed grasses in crops of useful plants.