Provided are inhibitors of Rho GTPase activation, and, in particular, compounds that inhibit RhoA activation by an RhoGEF. Also provided are related pharmaceutical compositions and methods. Also provided are methods of inhibiting Rho GTPase activation. Also provided are methods of screening for compounds that inhibit Rho GTPase activation by a RhoGEF.

Provided are inhibitors of Rho GTPase activation, and, in particular, compounds that inhibit RhoA activation by an RhoGEF. Also provided are related pharmaceutical compositions and methods. Also provided are methods of inhibiting Rho GTPase activation. Also provided are methods of screening for compounds that inhibit Rho GTPase activation by a RhoGEF.

A compound with antitumor activities represented by formula I: ##STR00001##
In formula I, R.sub.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, or ethenyl; and R.sub.2 is alkyl, alkoxy, or halogen.

A compound with antitumor activities represented by formula I: ##STR00001##
In formula I, R.sub.1 is alkyl, alkoxy, or ethenyl; and R.sub.2 is alkyl, alkoxy, or halogen.

The present disclosure discloses a method for the preparation of sulfinpyrazone, which is produced in two steps with a total yield of 48%, wherein thiophenol as the starting material is electrocatalytically coupled with dichloroethane to obtain 2-chloroethyl phenyl sulfoxide, which then undergoes a substitution reaction with 1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione to produce sulfinpyrazone. Compared with the prior art, the present method is characterized by high yield, short steps, less three wastes, good chemical selectivity, no need to use strong bases and oxidants, safe and simple operation, and easy to realize industrial production.

The present disclosure discloses a method for the preparation of sulfinpyrazone, which is produced in two steps with a total yield of 48%, wherein thiophenol as the starting material is electrocatalytically coupled with dichloroethane to obtain 2-chloroethyl phenyl sulfoxide, which then undergoes a substitution reaction with 1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione to produce sulfinpyrazone. Compared with the prior art, the present method is characterized by high yield, short steps, less three wastes, good chemical selectivity, no need to use strong bases and oxidants, safe and simple operation, and easy to realize industrial production.

The present invention relates to compounds of formula I ##STR00001##
wherein P is selected from P1 and P2, or P and R.sup.5 together are P3 ##STR00002##
or P is a heterocycle H, selected from H1 to H9 ##STR00003##
wherein Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, and Y.sup.3 are independently of each other CH, CR.sup.5, or nitrogen; and G.sup.1, G.sup.2, G.sup.3, Z, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6a, R.sup.6b, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, R.sup.11, p, n and k are as defined in the claims. The invention also relates to methods of controlling insects, acarines, nematodes or molluscs which comprises applying to a pest, to a locus of a pest, or to a plant susceptible to attack by a pest an insecticidally, acaricidally, nematicidally or molluscicidally effective amount of a compound of formula I.

A compound that is suitably used for formation of an optically anisotropic film having excellent reverse wavelength dispersibility and moisture-heat resistance; a polymerizable composition; an optically anisotropic film; an optical film; a polarizing plate; and an image display device. The present invention relates to a compound represented by Formula (I-1) P.sup.1-SP.sup.1-Ar.sup.1-Mes-Ar.sup.2-SP.sup.2-P.sup.2 (I-1).

A compound that is suitably used for formation of an optically anisotropic film having excellent reverse wavelength dispersibility and moisture-heat resistance; a polymerizable composition; an optically anisotropic film; an optical film; a polarizing plate; and an image display device. The present invention relates to a compound represented by Formula (I-1) P.sup.1-SP.sup.1-Ar.sup.1-Mes-Ar.sup.2-SP.sup.2-P.sup.2 (I-1).

Provided are inhibitors of Rho GTPase activation, and, in particular, compounds that inhibit RhoA activation by an RhoGEF. Also provided are related pharmaceutical compositions and methods. Also provided are methods of inhibiting Rho GTPase activation. Also provided are methods of screening for compounds that inhibit Rho GTPase activation by a RhoGEF.