A compound having Nrf2-activating action is provided. The compound is represented by formula (I), a salt of the compound, or a solvate of the compound or salt:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a halogen atom; R.sup.2 represents an optionally substituted group derived from a heterocycle, and the heterocycle represents thiophene, furan, pyrrole, thiazole, or a fused ring including any of these heterocycles; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 bind with each other to form —NH—CH—N—; R.sup.6 represents an optionally substituted alkyl group; A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, and A.sup.4 are identical or different and represent CH or N wherein the number of N is 1 or less; and Z represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom.

A compound having Nrf2-activating action is provided. The compound is represented by formula (I), a salt of the compound, or a solvate of the compound or salt:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a halogen atom; R.sup.2 represents an optionally substituted group derived from a heterocycle, and the heterocycle represents thiophene, furan, pyrrole, thiazole, or a fused ring including any of these heterocycles; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 bind with each other to form —NH—CH—N—; R.sup.6 represents an optionally substituted alkyl group; A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, and A.sup.4 are identical or different and represent CH or N wherein the number of N is 1 or less; and Z represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom.

Chemical modulators of PP2A, comprising tricyclic sulfonimidamides are disclosed. The compounds are useful in preventing or treating cancer, diabetes, autoimmune disease, solid organ transplant rejection, graft vs host disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, chronic liver disease, heart failure, neurodegenerative disease and cardiac hypertrophy. The compounds are of formula (I)

##STR00001##

This invention is in the field of medicinal chemistry. In particular, the invention relates to a new class of small-molecules having a phenyl-sulfonic amide (or similar) structure which function as agonists of mucolipin 1 (ML1), and their use as therapeutics for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and related disorders.

This invention is in the field of medicinal chemistry. In particular, the invention relates to a new class of small-molecules having a phenyl-sulfonic amide (or similar) structure which function as agonists of mucolipin 1 (ML1), and their use as therapeutics for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and related disorders.

The present disclosure relates to inhibitors of zinc-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) useful in the treatment of diseases or disorders associated with an HDAC, e.g., HDAC6, having a Formula I:

##STR00001##

where R, L, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3, X.sup.4, Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3, and Y.sup.4 are described herein.

The present disclosure relates to inhibitors of zinc-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) useful in the treatment of diseases or disorders associated with an HDAC, e.g., HDAC6, having a Formula I:

##STR00001##

where R, L, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3, X.sup.4, Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3, and Y.sup.4 are described herein.

The present disclosure relates to inhibitors of zinc-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) useful in the treatment of diseases or disorders associated with an HDAC, e.g., HDAC6, having a Formula I:

##STR00001##

where R, L, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3, X.sup.4, Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3, and Y.sup.4 are described herein.

The present disclosure relates to inhibitors of zinc-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) useful in the treatment of diseases or disorders associated with an HDAC, e.g., HDAC6, having a Formula I:

##STR00001##

where R, L, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3, X.sup.4, Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3, and Y.sup.4 are described herein.

The present invention provides a method for preparing a compound of Formula C, Formula D, or Formula F: ##STR00001## wherein each R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is independently H, SF.sub.5, N(C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl)(C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl), C(═S)N(C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl)(C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl), SO.sub.2N(C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl)(C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl), OSO.sub.2(C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl), OSO.sub.2N(C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl)(C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl), N(C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl)SO.sub.2(C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl), or C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.8 haloalkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alkynyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.10 halocycloalkyl, C.sub.4-C.sub.10 alkylcycloalkyl, C.sub.4-C.sub.10 cycloalkylalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.14 cycloalkylcycloalkyl, C.sub.5-C.sub.10 alkylcycloalkylalkyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.8 cycloalkenyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkoxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.8 haloalkoxy, C.sub.3-C.sub.8 cycloalkoxy, C.sub.3-C.sub.8 halocycloalkoxy, C.sub.4-C.sub.10 cycloalkylalkoxy, C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alkenyloxy, C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alkynyloxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkylthio, C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkylsulfinyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkylsulfonyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.8 cycloalkylthio, C.sub.3-C.sub.8 cycloalkylsulfinyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.8 cycloalkylsulfonyl, C.sub.4-C.sub.10 cycloalkylalkylthio, C.sub.4-C.sub.10 cycloalkylalkylsulfinyl, C.sub.4-C.sub.10 cycloalkylalkylsulfonyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alkenylthio, C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alkenylsulfinyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alkenylsulfonyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alkynylthio, C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alkynylsulfinyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alkynylsulfonyl, or phenyl; or two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 on adjacent ring atoms may be taken together to form a 5- to 7-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, each ring containing ring members selected from carbon atoms and up to 3 heteroatoms independently selected from up to 2 O, up to 2 S, and up to 3 N, wherein up to 2 carbon atom ring members are independently selected from C(═O) and C(═S) and such ring is optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 haloalkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.4 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.4 haloalkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.4 alkynyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.4 haloalkynyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.7 cycloalkyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.7 halocycloalkyl, C.sub.4-C.sub.8 alkylcycloalkyl, C.sub.4-C.sub.8 haloalkylcycloalkyl, C.sub.4-C.sub.8 cycloalkylalkyl, C.sub.4-C.sub.8 halocycloalkylalkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkoxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.8 haloalkoxy, C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alkoxycarbonyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.6 haloalkoxycarbonyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylcarbonyl and C.sub.2-C.sub.6 haloalkylcarbonyl; and M is an inorganic cation or organic cation.