The present disclosure provides edible compositions comprising a flavor-grade sweet taste modulator or a combination of flavor-grade sweet taste modulators or a flavor-grade bitter taste blocker or a combination of flavor-grade bitter taste blockers of the present disclosure, food products comprising such edible compositions and methods of preparing such food products. The present disclosure also provides methods of reducing the amount of sugar in a food product, methods of reducing the caloric intake in a diet, and methods of enhancing sweet taste or blocking a bitter taste in a food product.

The present invention provides a compound having an excellent efficacy for controlling weeds. A dihydropyrone compound of formula (I): wherein m is 1, 2 or 3; n is an integer of any one of 1 to 5; X represents O, S, S(O) or S(O).sub.2; R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an C.sub.1-6 alkyl group and the like; when X represents S, S(O) or S(O).sub.2, R.sup.4 represents an C.sub.1-6 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl group, an C.sub.6-10 aryl group or a five- to six-membered heteroaryl group, and X represents O, S, S(O) or S(O).sub.2, R.sup.4 represents an C.sub.6-10 aryl group or a five- to six-membered heteroaryl group; G represents a hydrogen atom and the like; Z represents a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a phenyl group, an C.sub.1-6 alkyl group and the like; is useful as an active ingredient for herbicides. ##STR00001##

The present invention provides a compound having an excellent efficacy for controlling weeds. A dihydropyrone compound of formula (I): wherein m is 1, 2 or 3; n is an integer of any one of 1 to 5; X represents O, S, S(O) or S(O).sub.2; R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an C.sub.1-6 alkyl group and the like; when X represents S, S(O) or S(O).sub.2, R.sup.4 represents an C.sub.1-6 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-6 haloalkyl group, an C.sub.6-10 aryl group or a five- to six-membered heteroaryl group, and X represents O, S, S(O) or S(O).sub.2, R.sup.4 represents an C.sub.6-10 aryl group or a five- to six-membered heteroaryl group; G represents a hydrogen atom and the like; Z represents a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a phenyl group, an C.sub.1-6 alkyl group and the like; is useful as an active ingredient for herbicides. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to novel compounds, particularly to hydrophilic compounds, comprising a photoactive unit, said novel compounds being particularly suitable for ophthalmic devices. The present application also relates to ophthalmic devices comprising such compounds.

The present invention relates to novel compounds, particularly to hydrophilic compounds, comprising a photoactive unit, said novel compounds being particularly suitable for ophthalmic devices. The present application also relates to ophthalmic devices comprising such compounds.

A pharmaceutical composition can include: a marmelin analog compound, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier having the compound. The compound can be present in a therapeutically effective amount to treat or inhibit a disease state. The disease state can be cancer. The cancer can be selected from brain cancers, head and neck cancers, thyroid cancers, gastrointestinal cancers, esophageal cancers, stomach cancers, pancreatic cancers, liver cancers, colo-rectal cancers, lung cancers, kidney cancers, prostate cancers, bladder cancers, testicular cancers, breast cancers, ovarian cancers, cervical cancers, and melanomas. The carrier includes a cyclodextrin, which may form a complex with the compound. The compounds and compositions can be used to treat or inhibit progression of cancers. Colo-rectal, bladder, and prostate cancers are examples of some of the cancers that can be treated with the marmelin analog compounds.

A pharmaceutical composition can include: a marmelin analog compound, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier having the compound. The compound can be present in a therapeutically effective amount to treat or inhibit a disease state. The disease state can be cancer. The cancer can be selected from brain cancers, head and neck cancers, thyroid cancers, gastrointestinal cancers, esophageal cancers, stomach cancers, pancreatic cancers, liver cancers, colo-rectal cancers, lung cancers, kidney cancers, prostate cancers, bladder cancers, testicular cancers, breast cancers, ovarian cancers, cervical cancers, and melanomas. The carrier includes a cyclodextrin, which may form a complex with the compound. The compounds and compositions can be used to treat or inhibit progression of cancers. Colo-rectal, bladder, and prostate cancers are examples of some of the cancers that can be treated with the marmelin analog compounds.

N-substituted hydroxamic acids with carbon-based leaving groups as efficient HNO donors are disclosed. Pharmaceutical compositions and kits comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds or pharmaceutical compositions also are disclosed.

N-substituted hydroxamic acids with carbon-based leaving groups as efficient HNO donors are disclosed. Pharmaceutical compositions and kits comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds or pharmaceutical compositions also are disclosed.

The present invention relates to novel ophthalmic devices comprising polymerized compounds comprising a photoactive chromophore, special polymerized compounds, and special monomer compounds being particularly suitable for compositions and ophthalmic devices. The present invention is also directed to a process of changing the optical properties of said ophthalmic device or a precursor article for an ophthalmic device.