A method for synthesizing cyclic carbonate monomers using carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) is provided. The method also includes combining reagents to synthesize the cyclic carbonate monomer, the reagents including a substrate that is a 1,X-diol, where X is between 2 and 5, a base that is a tertiary amine, a promoter that is a multidentate, bis-tertiary amine base where nitrogens are separated by 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a solvent, and CO.sub.2.

A method for synthesizing cyclic carbonate monomers using carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) is provided. The method also includes combining reagents to synthesize the cyclic carbonate monomer, the reagents including a substrate that is a 1,X-diol, where X is between 2 and 5, a base that is a tertiary amine, a promoter that is a multidentate, bis-tertiary amine base where nitrogens are separated by 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a solvent, and CO.sub.2.

The invention relates to (S)-6-((1 R,2E,4E,8E,10S)-11-(4-fluorophenoxy)-1,10-dihydroxyundeca-2,4,8-trien-6-yn-1-yl)-1,4-dioxan-2-one (compound (1)), which is a lactone-containing analog of lipoxin A.sub.4 (LXA.sub.4). In particular, the invention features pharmaceutical compositions including compound (1) and the use of compound (1) for the treatment of a disorder (e.g., a fibrotic disorder or an inflammatory disorder, such as an autoimmune disorder) in a subject in need thereof.

Provided are compounds that can find use as nitrosation reagents. Provided are nitrosation methods that include reacting a substrate with one of the provided nitrosation reagents and thereby generating a nitrosation product. Provided are kits including a nitrosation reagent. Provided are compositions wherein the nitrosation reagent is enriched in the .sup.15N isotope.

This invention relates to an acid labile surfactant. In particular, the surfactants of the present invention include a dioxolane or dioxane functional group which enables the surfactant to hydrolyze in an acidic environment. Surfactants of this type can be utilized to enhance protein solubilization/enzyme digestion. Following hydrolysis to destroy the surfactant (which may chromatographic issues), there are generally two components formeda hydrophilic one, and a hydrophobic one. By altering the chemistry of the hydrolysable linker, the polarity of the hydrophobic residue can be altered, allowing it to be solubilized by significantly less organic solvent, and to minimize the potential loss of peptide material and to expand the chromatographic conditions that can be utilized.

This invention relates to an acid labile surfactant. In particular, the surfactants of the present invention include a dioxolane or dioxane functional group which enables the surfactant to hydrolyze in an acidic environment. Surfactants of this type can be utilized to enhance protein solubilization/enzyme digestion. Following hydrolysis to destroy the surfactant (which may chromatographic issues), there are generally two components formeda hydrophilic one, and a hydrophobic one. By altering the chemistry of the hydrolysable linker, the polarity of the hydrophobic residue can be altered, allowing it to be solubilized by significantly less organic solvent, and to minimize the potential loss of peptide material and to expand the chromatographic conditions that can be utilized.

This invention relates to an acid labile surfactant. In particular, the surfactants of the present invention include a dioxolane or dioxane functional group which enables the surfactant to hydrolyze in an acidic environment. Surfactants of this type can be utilized to enhance protein solubilization/enzyme digestion. Following hydrolysis to destroy the surfactant (which may chromatographic issues), there are generally two components formeda hydrophilic one, and a hydrophobic one. By altering the chemistry of the hydrolysable linker, the polarity of the hydrophobic residue can be altered, allowing it to be solubilized by significantly less organic solvent, and to minimize the potential loss of peptide material and to expand the chromatographic conditions that can be utilized.

A semi-solid delivery vehicle contains a polyorthoester and an excipient, and a semi-solid pharmaceutical composition contains an active agent and the delivery vehicle. The pharmaceutical composition may be a topical, syringable, or injectable formulation; and is suitable for local delivery of the active agent. Methods of treatment are also disclosed.

A method for synthesizing cyclic carbonate monomers using carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) is provided. The method also includes combining reagents to synthesize the cyclic carbonate monomer, the reagents including a substrate that is a 1,X-diol, where X is between 2 and 5, a base that is a tertiary amine, a promoter that is a multidentate, bis-tertiary amine base where nitrogens are separated by 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a solvent, and CO.sub.2.

A method for synthesizing cyclic carbonate monomers using carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) is provided. The method also includes combining reagents to synthesize the cyclic carbonate monomer, the reagents including a substrate that is a 1,X-diol, where X is between 2 and 5, a base that is a tertiary amine, a promoter that is a multidentate, bis-tertiary amine base where nitrogens are separated by 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a solvent, and CO.sub.2.