One embodiment of the present invention can provide an optical material composition that includes a cyclic compound that is represented by formula (1) and an episulfide that is represented by formula (2). Another embodiment of the present invention can provide an optical material production method that includes a step wherein, with respect to the total amount of the optical material composition, 0.0001-10 mass % of a polymerization catalyst is added to the optical material composition and the optical material composition is polymerization cured. (In formula (2), m is an integer from 0 to 4, and n is an integer from 0 to 2.)

##STR00001##

One embodiment of the present invention can provide an optical material composition that includes a cyclic compound that is represented by formula (1) and an episulfide that is represented by formula (2). Another embodiment of the present invention can provide an optical material production method that includes a step wherein, with respect to the total amount of the optical material composition, 0.0001-10 mass % of a polymerization catalyst is added to the optical material composition and the optical material composition is polymerization cured. (In formula (2), m is an integer from 0 to 4, and n is an integer from 0 to 2.)

##STR00001##

A salt represented by formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 hydrocarbon group in which a methylene group may be replaced by a —O— or —CO—; m and n independently represent 1 or 2; Ar represents an optionally substituted phenyl group; Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 independently represent a fluorine atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 perfluoroalkyl group, A.sup.1 represents a single bond, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.24 alkanediyl group or the like, and Y represents an optionally substituted C.sub.1 to C.sub.18 alkyl group or monovalent C.sub.3 to C.sub.18 alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and a methylene group therein may be replaced by a —O—, O— or —SO.sub.2—, provided that the alkyl group or the alicyclic hydrocarbon group has at least one substituent, or at least one methylene group contained therein is replaced by a —O—, —CO— or —SO.sub.2—.

A salt represented by formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 hydrocarbon group in which a methylene group may be replaced by a —O— or —CO—; m and n independently represent 1 or 2; Ar represents an optionally substituted phenyl group; Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 independently represent a fluorine atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 perfluoroalkyl group, A.sup.1 represents a single bond, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.24 alkanediyl group or the like, and Y represents an optionally substituted C.sub.1 to C.sub.18 alkyl group or monovalent C.sub.3 to C.sub.18 alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and a methylene group therein may be replaced by a —O—, O— or —SO.sub.2—, provided that the alkyl group or the alicyclic hydrocarbon group has at least one substituent, or at least one methylene group contained therein is replaced by a —O—, —CO— or —SO.sub.2—.

The present invention provides derivatized indicator compounds, such as pH indicator compounds, which can be covalently immobilized to a variety of solid substrates to produce an indicator pad. Such pads can be used to monitor water quality in variety of settings. In particular, the pads of the invention are useful in devices which monitor the quality of recreational water, such as water in swimming pools, hot tubs, and amusement park attractions, including water slides, and water-based rides. The present invention overcomes the limitations of commercially available pad chemistries.

The present application relates to an electrolyte, an electrochemical device and an electronic device comprising the same. The electrolyte of the present application includes a cyclic N-containing sulfonyl-compound and at least one of vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate or lithium difluorophosphate. The electrolyte of the present application may further include a sulfur-oxygen double bond containing compound and a silicon-containing carbonate. Compared with the prior art, using the electrolyte provided by the present application can effectively improve the high-temperature storage, cycle performance and overcharge performance of an electrochemical device, such as a lithium-ion battery.

Chemoselective conjugation is achieved through redox reactivity by reacting an N-transfer oxidant with a thioether substrate in a redox reaction in an aqueous environment to form a conjugation product. In embodiments, Redox-Activated Chemical Tagging (ReACT) strategies for methionine-based protein functionalization. Oxaziridine (Ox) compounds serve as oxidant-mediated reagents for direct functionalization by converting methionine to the corresponding sulfimide conjugation product.

Chemoselective conjugation is achieved through redox reactivity by reacting an N-transfer oxidant with a thioether substrate in a redox reaction in an aqueous environment to form a conjugation product. In embodiments, Redox-Activated Chemical Tagging (ReACT) strategies for methionine-based protein functionalization. Oxaziridine (Ox) compounds serve as oxidant-mediated reagents for direct functionalization by converting methionine to the corresponding sulfimide conjugation product.

Chemoselective conjugation is achieved through redox reactivity by reacting an N-transfer oxidant with a thioether substrate in a redox reaction in an aqueous environment to form a conjugation product. In embodiments, Redox-Activated Chemical Tagging (ReACT) strategies for methionine-based protein functionalization. Oxaziridine (Ox) compounds serve as oxidant-mediated reagents for direct functionalization by converting methionine to the corresponding sulfimide conjugation product.

Chemoselective conjugation is achieved through redox reactivity by reacting an N-transfer oxidant with a thioether substrate in a redox reaction in an aqueous environment to form a conjugation product. In embodiments, Redox-Activated Chemical Tagging (ReACT) strategies for methionine-based protein functionalization. Oxaziridine (Ox) compounds serve as oxidant-mediated reagents for direct functionalization by converting methionine to the corresponding sulfimide conjugation product.