Provided are: a water-soluble composition which has excellent storage stability and is adaptable to a wide range of light sources and capable of forming a highly fine pattern; a method of producing a cured product of the same; a cured product of the same; and an acylphosphinate. The water-soluble composition contains: an acylphosphinate (A) represented by Formula (I) below, wherein X.sup.1 represents an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms; X.sup.2 represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or the like; A.sup.m+ represents an alkali metal ion or the like; and m represents a number of 1 to 3; and a compound (B) having a group represented by Formula (II) below, wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; Z.sup.1 represents an oxygen atom or the like; R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; Z.sup.2 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; n represents a number of 0 to 30; * means a bond; and, when the compound (B) has plural groups represented by Formula (II), plural R.sup.1′s, Z.sup.1′s, Z.sup.2′s and n's are each optionally the same or different. ##STR00001##

The present invention refers to a process for the preparation of a bis(acyl)phosphinic acid silyl ester of the general formula (I), wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are the same or different and are independently selected from H, halogen, linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkyl, linear or branched C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkoxy, C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyloxy, C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.12-aryl, C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkoxy, C.sub.7-C.sub.12-arylalkoxy, C.sub.9-C.sub.15-alkenylarylalkoxy, nitro-, C.sub.6-C.sub.12-arylsulfonyl, 4-alkylarylsulfonyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkylcarboxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkoxycarbonyl, SR.sub.12, NHR.sub.12 or NR.sub.12R.sub.13 with R.sub.12 and R.sub.13 being independently selected from H, linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkyl, linear or branched C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyl and C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkyl, and an O-, S- or N-containing 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; R.sub.6 is OSiR.sub.14R.sub.15R.sub.16 with R.sub.14, R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 being independently selected from linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkyl or C.sub.6-C.sub.12-aryl; as well as the bis(acyl)phosphinic acid silyl ester and the bis(acyl)phosphinic acid obtained by the process. ##STR00001##

A nonaqueous electrolytic solution including an electrolyte, a nonaqueous solvent, and a compound represented by Formula (1) below.

##STR00001##

(in Formula (1), X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 each independently represent C, S, or P; n.sup.1 and n.sup.2 each independently represent 1 when X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 represent C or P and 2 when X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 represent S; n.sup.1 represents 1 or 2; n.sup.2 represents 1 or 2; Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent or an OW group (where W represents a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent); m.sup.1 represents 1 or 2, and m.sup.2 represents 1 or 2; and Z represents a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent, an SiV.sub.3 group (where V represents a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent), an organic onium, or a metal).

The present disclosure is drawn to a photo active agent which includes a bisacylphosphinic compound in the form of an acid or salt having Structure I: where A and A are independently aryl or from C2 to C8 lower alkyl; M is H, a monovalent cation, a divalent cation, or mixture thereof; n is 1 or 2; and q is 1 or 2. The photo active agent can be present in a composition that includes from 0.001 wt % to 5 wt % of a dialcohol phosphinic acid precursor or dialcohol phosphinic salt of the bisacylphosphinic compound of Structure I. ##STR00001##

The present invention refers to a process for the preparation of a bis(acyl)phosphinic acid silyl ester of the general formula (I), wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are the same or different and are independently selected from H, halogen, linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkyl, linear or branched C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkoxy, C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyloxy, C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.12-aryl, C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkoxy, C.sub.7-C.sub.12-arylalkoxy, C.sub.9-C.sub.15-alkenylarylalkoxy, nitro-, C.sub.6-C.sub.12-arylsulfonyl, 4-alkylarylsulfonyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkylcarboxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkoxycarbonyl, SR.sub.12, NHR.sub.12 or NR.sub.12R.sub.13 with R.sub.12 and R.sub.13 being independently selected from H, linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkyl, linear or branched C.sub.2-C.sub.8-alkenyl and C.sub.3-C.sub.8-cycloalkyl, and an O-, S- or N-containing 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; R.sub.6 is OSiR.sub.14R.sub.15R.sub.16 with R.sub.14, R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 being independently selected from linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkyl or C.sub.6-C.sub.12-aryl; as well as the bis(acyl)phosphinic acid silyl ester and the bis(acyl)phosphinic acid obtained by the process.

##STR00001##

Provided are: a water-soluble composition which has excellent storage stability and is adaptable to a wide range of light sources and capable of forming a highly fine pattern; a method of producing a cured product of the same; a cured product of the same; and an acylphosphinate. The water-soluble composition contains: an acylphosphinate (A) represented by Formula (I) below, wherein X.sup.1 represents an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms; X.sup.2 represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or the like; A.sup.m+ represents an alkali metal ion or the like; and m represents a number of 1 to 3; and a compound (B) having a group represented by Formula (II) below, wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; Z.sup.1 represents an oxygen atom or the like; R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; Z.sup.2 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; n represents a number of 0 to 30; * means a bond; and, when the compound (B) has plural groups represented by Formula (II), plural R.sup.1s, Z.sup.1s, Z.sup.2s and n's are each optionally the same or different.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure is drawn to a photo active agent which includes a bisacylphosphinic compound in the form of an acid or salt having Structure I: where A and A are independently aryl or from C2 to C8 lower alkyl; M is H, a monovalent cation, a divalent cation, or mixture thereof; n is 1 or 2; and q is 1 or 2. The photo active agent can be present in a composition that includes from 0.001 wt % to 5 wt % of a dialcohol phosphinic acid precursor or dialcohol phosphinic salt of the bisacylphosphinic compound of Structure I.

##STR00001##

A nonaqueous electrolytic solution including an electrolyte, a nonaqueous solvent, and a compound represented by Formula (1) below. ##STR00001##
(in Formula (1), X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 each independently represent C, S, or P; n.sup.1 and n.sup.2 each independently represent 1 when X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 represent C or P and 2 when X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 represent S; n.sup.1 represents 1 or 2; n.sup.2 represents 1 or 2; Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent or an OW group (where W represents a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent); m.sup.1 represents 1 or 2, and m.sup.2 represents 1 or 2; and Z represents a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent, an SiV.sub.3 group (where V represents a hydrocarbon group that may have a substituent), an organic onium, or a metal).

The present disclosure relates to a photoinitiator, a bioink including the same, and a method of manufacturing a hydrogel. According to the present disclosure, the photoinitiator of the present disclosure may have water solubility, high molar extinction coefficient, and low cytotoxicity. In addition, the method of manufacturing a hydrogel of the present disclosure may have high cell viability by increasing 3D printing efficiency due to a fast photo-curing rate.