The invention provides compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: ##STR00001##
The compounds, compositions, methods and kits of the invention are useful for the treatment of pain, itch, and neurogenic inflammation.

Provided are: an ionic liquid including the fluorine-containing phosphate ester anions represented by formula (1); and a lubricating oil composition including said ionic liquid. ##STR00001## (In the formula, Rf represents a C1-14 perfluoroalkyl group. R.sup.1 represents a C1-8 alkyl group.)

The invention provides a zwitterionic plastic crystal (ZIPC) compound in the form of a single molecule comprising: at least one positively charged functional group carrying at least one positive charge, and at least one negatively functional group carrying at least one negative charge, wherein the positively charged functional groups and the negatively charged functional groups are covalently tethered together in the molecule, and the net charge of the zwitterionic compound is zero, and wherein the compound exhibits evidence of molecular disorder in the solid state.

A polymer composition includes a conductive polymer and at least one stretchability and electrical conductivity (STEC) enhancer, wherein a content of the STEC enhancer in the composition is at least about 1 wt. % of the composition.

An organic iodine remover is a remover for removing organic iodine and is a substance composed of a cation and an anion, and the cation (for example, a phosphonium cation, an ammonium cation, or a sulfonium cation) has a molecular structure in which an electron donating group (for example, a phosphino group, an amino group, a sulfanyl group, a hydroxy group, or an alkoxy group) is bonded to a phosphorus atom, a nitrogen atom or a sulfur atom. An organic iodine removing apparatus includes: a vessel into which the organic iodine remover for removing the organic iodine is charged; and introduction pipes through which a fluid containing organic iodine is introduced into the organic iodine remover.

Disclosed herein is a chemical delivery system having: i) a cargo compound comprising a first reactive moiety covalently bonded to a first enrichment moiety and a tethered cargo moiety, wherein the first reactive moiety is bonded to the tethered cargo moiety via a cleavable linker; and ii) a trigger compound comprising a second reactive moiety covalently bonded to a second enrichment moiety and a cargo-releasing moiety. The first enrichment moiety and the second enrichment moiety cause an increase in concentration of the cargo compound and the concentration of the trigger compound at a target site, causing a bimolecular reaction between the first reactive moiety and the second reactive moiety to form a cyclization precursor compound. The cargo moiety is then released from the cyclization precursor compound in a unimolecular cyclization reaction. Methods for treating conditions such as cancer, inflammatory conditions, and infections with the chemical delivery systems are also described.

Provided are: an ionic liquid including the fluorine-containing phosphate ester anions represented by formula (1); and a lubricating oil composition including said ionic liquid.

##STR00001##

(In the formula, Rf represents a C1-14 perfluoroalkyl group. R.sup.1 represents a C1-8 alkyl group.)

Provided is a phosphonium compound represented by Formula (I):

##STR00001##

in Formula (I), R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are independently from each other, an alkyl group or an aryl group, the alkyl group is a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, the aryl group is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; X is a reactive group having a hydrazide group, a halide group, a pseudohalide group, or a thioester group; and Y.sup.− is an anion having a total charge of −1, or Y.sup.− is absence.

The invention provides novel zwitterionic monomers and polymers (including copolymers) with pendent phosphonium-based zwitterionic moieties, and compositions and products comprising same, as well as related methods and uses of the compositions, for example, as surfactants, coatings, and interlayer materials, biomedical materials or agents.

A process for dehydrogenating and methylating silanes. The process includes providing methyl chloride that is reacted with a silane selected from the group consisting of SiH.sub.4, H.sub.2SiMe.sub.2, H.sub.2SiMeCl, H.sub.3SiMe, H.sub.3SiCl and HSiMe.sub.2Cl, in the presence of at least one ammonium and/or phosphonium salt at a temperature in the range of 70-350° C.