Electrolytes and electrolyte additives for energy storage devices comprising functional thiophene compounds are disclosed. The energy storage device comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is a Si-based electrode, a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, an electrolyte, and at least one electrolyte additive selected from a thiophene compound.

Disclosed are compounds of Formulas (I), (II), (III), (IV), and (V): ##STR00001##
and/or a salt thereof, wherein R.sub.1 is —OH or —OP(O)(OH).sub.2, and X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, R.sub.2, R.sub.2a, R.sub.a, R.sub.b, and R.sub.c are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as selective agonists for G protein-coupled receptor S1P.sub.1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as autoimmune diseases and vascular disease.

Disclosed are compounds of Formulas (I), (II), (III), (IV), and (V):

##STR00001##

and/or a salt thereof, wherein R.sub.1 is —OH or —OP(O)(OH).sub.2, and X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, R.sub.2, R.sub.2a, R.sub.a, R.sub.b, and R.sub.c are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as selective agonists for G protein-coupled receptor S1P.sub.1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as autoimmune diseases and vascular disease.

The invention encompasses ex vivo method of stimulating isolated memory T-cell, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL), T cell receptor (TCR) engineered cell, and/or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineered cell with compounds of Formula I below, which are inhibitors of the TC-PTP enzyme. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides compounds represented by Formula (I) and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof, wherein R.sup.1a, R.sup.1b, R.sup.3a, R.sup.4, A, E.sup.1, E.sup.2, M, and Q are as set forth in the specification. Compounds of Formula (I) are STAT protein degraders and thus are useful for the treatment of cancer and other diseases.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a ligand compound, a catalyst system for olefin oligomerization, and a method for olefin oligomerization using the same. The present ligand compound is a compound having a certain new structure and enables provision of a catalyst system for olefin oligomerization that can oligomerize ethylene with higher catalytic activity.

The compound represented by the following general formula is useful as a light emitting material. Ar.sup.1 represents an arylene group, Ar.sup.2 and Ar.sup.3 represent an aryl group, and R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, provided that at least one of R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 represents a diarylamino group. ##STR00001##

Provided herein are diaryl and arylalkyl phosphonates, useful as intermediates in, for example, the synthesis of leukocyte elastase inhibitors, potassium channel modulators, chemiluminescence materials, and flame retardants, and methods for making same. Also provided are N-heterocyclic phosphorodiamidic acids (NHPAs) useful in reactions such as, for example, in the preparation of diaryl and arylalkyl phosphonates. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Provided herein are diaryl and arylalkyl phosphonates, useful as intermediates in, for example, the synthesis of leukocyte elastase inhibitors, potassium channel modulators, chemiluminescence materials, and flame retardants, and methods for making same. Also provided are N-heterocyclic phosphorodiamidic acids (NHPAs) useful in reactions such as, for example, in the preparation of diaryl and arylalkyl phosphonates. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

A zwitterionic compound has a structure of following formula (1), formula (2), formula (3), or formula (4):

##STR00001## R.sub.1 is —O.sup.−, —(CH.sub.2).sub.aSO.sub.3.sup.−, or —(CH.sub.2).sub.bCO.sub.2.sup.−, a is 1 to 10, and b is 1 to 10. R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently an alkyl group or a phenyl group. x, z, and v are each independently 1 to 20. y and t are each independently 0 to 10.