Provided herein are compositions, systems, and methods for delivering an effector protein into a cell. The present disclosure, in some aspects, provide novel proteins delivering an effector protein into a cell. The novel proteins are supernegatively charged proteins derived from highly anionic proteins identified from the proteome (e.g., human proteome). The novel protein tags can be associated (e.g., covalently or nocovalently) with the protein to be delivered to facilitate delivery of the effector protein into a cell.

An improved method for coupling amino acids into peptides or peptidomimetics is disclosed that includes the steps of combining an amino acid, a carbodiimide, an activator additive, and a base at less than 1 equivalent compared to the amino acid to be activated; and carrying out the activation and coupling at a temperature greater than 30° C.

Without limitation, some embodiments comprise a method of treatment for promoting recovery of peripheral neuropathy in a subject, including administering to a subject in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprised of thymosin beta 4, amino acid sequences LKKTET or LKKTNT, and/or any conservative variants thereof, or an agent that stimulates production of any of those materials, or a conservative variant thereof.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing glycine-thymosin β4 (Gly-Tβ4). The present invention has an excellent effect in that, according to the present invention, a large amount of high-purity Gly-Tβ4 can be obtained with high productivity through chromatography, enzyme treatment, and filtration of a sample containing GST fusion thymosin β4 (GST-Tβ4).

The present invention relates to a recombinant vector carrying a disulfide bond isomerase signal peptide and a use thereof. More particularly, the use of the recombinant vector of the present invention is advantageous in that a protein whose amino acid sequence does not start with methionine can be produced through an E. coli expression system. Thus, the present invention does not need additional processes for commercial availability, such as glycosylation and the like, and thus is expected to find useful applications in various purposes such as the development of therapeutic agents, etc. in the future.

Provided is a cosmetic composition for improving skin conditions including a fusion protein containing a skin penetration enhancing peptide, more particularly, a fusion protein in which PDGFa is bound to the skin penetration enhancing peptide, and a cosmetic composition for improving skin conditions, a functional cosmetic product for improving skin conditions, a cosmetic composition for preventing and treating alopecia, and a quasi-drug composition each including the fusion protein.

An improved method for coupling carboxylic acids and amines is disclosed that includes the steps of combining a hyper-acid sensitive linker connecting an amine and a resin, a carboxylic acid, a carbodiimide, an activator additive, and a base, and carrying out the activation and coupling at a temperature greater than 30 C.

The present invention provides compositions and methods for inducing pluripotency in non-embryonic and/or somatic cells using exogenous Tb4, exogenous Sox2, and exogenous Oct4. Induced pluripotent stem cells can be can be simian or murine. The exogenous Tb4 can be phosphorylated. At least one of the exogenous Tb4, the exogenous Sox2, and the exogenous Oct4 can be coupled with a cell membrane penetrating moiety and/or a nuclear targeting moiety, allowing them to reach to the nucleus. In addition, the induced pluripotent stem cell maintains pluripotency over at least 100 passages.

The present invention relates to a method for generating and/or obtaining specific binding moieties against intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and/or intrinsically disordered protein domains which tend to be immunologically inert and lack immunogenicity in animals, in particular in mammals. The present invention also relates to such specific binding moieties, in particular to antibodies and/or to antigen binding fragments thereof, specifically binding to structurally disordered and/or intrinsically disordered sequences, in particular to Pro/Ala-rich sequences (PAS). These binding moieties, antibodies, antigen binding fragments are first in class since they bind to/recognize disordered peptides or polypeptide fragments as also comprised in such intrinsically disordered proteins, in particular PAS polypeptides. The inventive binding moieties, antibodies, antigen binding fragments are, without being limiting, particularly useful in diagnostic settings as well as research tools. The present invention relates to a method for generating and/or obtaining specific binding moieties against intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and/or intrinsically disordered protein domains which tend to be immunologically inert and lack immunogenicity in animals, in particular in mammals. The present invention also relates to such specific binding moieties, in particular to antibodies and/or to antigen binding fragments thereof, specifically binding to structurally disordered and/or intrinsically disordered sequences, in particular to Pro/Ala-rich sequences (PAS). These binding moieties, antibodies, antigen binding fragments are first in class since they bind to/recognize disordered peptides or polypeptide fragments as also comprised in such intrinsically disordered proteins, in particular PAS polypeptides. The inventive binding moieties, antibodies, antigen binding fragments are, without being limiting, particularly useful in diagnostic settings as well as research tools.

An improved method for coupling amino acids into peptides or peptidomimetics is disclosed that includes the steps of combining an amino acid, a carbodiimide, an activator additive, and a base at less than 1 equivalent compared to the amino acid to be activated; and carrying out the activation and coupling at a temperature greater than 30 C.