Described is a labeling technique which can facilitate the metabolism in the liver after administration to patients without the reduction in the antibody function, thereby reducing accumulation of radionuclides in an organ such as the liver, and a modified antibody containing an IgG antibody and an IgG-binding peptide bound to the IgG antibody. The IgG-binding peptide has an amino acid sequence consisting of 13 to 17 amino acid residues, such as GPDCAYH(Xaa1)GELVWCTFH (SEQ ID NO: 2) wherein Xaa1 represents a lysine residue, a cysteine residue, an aspartic acid residue, a glutamic acid residue, 2-aminosuberic acid, or diaminopropionic acid, and a compound represented by the following formula (II-1) is linked at a position of the lysine residue via a modification linker to the N terminus of the IgG-binding peptide. ##STR00001##

Described herein are methods of syntheses and therapeutic uses of covalently modified peptides and/or proteins. The covalently modified peptides and/or proteins allow for improved pharmaceutical properties of peptide and protein-based therapeutics.

In the technical field of lithium ion batteries, disclosed is a wet synthesis method of a high-nickel NCMA quaternary precursor. The method includes synthesizing solid tiny crystal nuclei of the NCMA quaternary precursor in a first reactor, and prompting the crystal nuclei of the quaternary precursor to grow to a certain particle size in a second reactor, wherein in the first reactor, an upper feeding mode is used to continuously produce the solid tiny crystal nuclei of the NCMA quaternary precursor. In the second reactor, an upper-and-lower dual feeding mode is used to prompt the continuous growth of the solid tiny crystal nuclei of the NCMA quaternary precursor. During a washing process, the NCMA quaternary precursor is washed with a mixed alkali solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide at certain concentration, so that Na can be reduced below 50 ppm and sulfur can be reduced below 800 ppm.

The present invention relates to 1,2,4-oxadiazole and thiadiazole compounds of formula (I) and their use to inhibit the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) signaling pathway and/or for treatment of disorders by inhibiting an immunosuppressive signal induced by PD-1, PD-L1 or PD-L2.

The present invention relates to 1,2,4-oxadiazole and thiadiazole compounds of formula (I) and their use to inhibit the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) signaling pathway and/or for treatment of disorders by inhibiting an immunosuppressive signal induced by PD-1, PD-L1 or PD-L2.

The present invention regards specific IBAT inhibitors useful in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of a liver disease. It also relates to compositions comprising these IBAT inhibitors, a method for treatment of the disorders and a kit comprising the substances or the compositions.

Provided are a cyclic peptide compound simulating a natural product structure- and a method for preparation thereof. The method is: the compound of formula I, a divalent palladium catalyst, and a silver salt undergoing an intramolecular arylation in a solvent under heating and stirring to construct a cyclic peptide, to generate the compound of formula II, in which the arylation sites are diverse, and can be extended to the side chain γ-position methyl or methylene of the majority hydrophobic amino acids to perform intramolecular arylation, thus overcoming the previous defect of the restriction of the types of selectable amino acids, and effectively constructing a novel aromatic ring-supported cyclic peptide compound. The aromatic ring support structure can form a novel 3D structure similar to a natural product, and provide a very favorable support for the subsequent construction of a cyclic peptide molecular library and high-throughput drug screening.

##STR00001##

Compounds having cytotoxic and/or anti-mitotic activity are disclosed. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, are also disclosed. Also disclosed are compositions having the structure: (T)-(L)-(D), wherein (T) is a targeting moiety, (L) is an optional linker, and (D) is a compound having cytotoxic and/or anti-mitotic activity.

This invention is in the field of medicinal pharmacology. In particular, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical agents which function as inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral replication and/or SARS-CoV-2 related viral 3CL protease (M.sup.pro) activity. The invention further relates to methods of treating and/or ameliorating symptoms related to conditions caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (e.g., COVID-19), comprising administering to a subject (e.g., a human patient) a composition comprising one or more pharmaceutical agents which function as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 viral replication and/or inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 related M.sup.pro activity.

The photolabile hydrazine linker of the present invention is based on the o-nitro-veratryl group, which is capable of releasing hydrazide derivatives upon UV irradiation. The linker allows for a new solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) strategy which is fully orthogonal to the most commonly used protecting groups and chemical methods in SPPS and shows excellent compatibility with peptide composition, notably the 20 naturally occurring α-amino acid residues (even in their side-chain protected form) are accepted in the C-terminal of the peptide hydrazides. Furthermore, the linker unit can be applied to synthesize combinatorial libraries of biological interesting heterocyclic compounds, such as pyranopyrazoles.