Polar silane linkers are provided that attach to resins to form silane-functionalized resins. The functionalized resins can be bound to hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica particles to improve the dispersibility of the silica particles in rubber mixtures. Further disclosed are synthetic routes to provide the silane-functionalized resins, as well as various uses and end products that benefit from the unexpected properties of the silane-functionalized resins. Silane-functionalized resins impart remarkable properties on various rubber compositions, such as tires, belts, hoses, brakes, and the like. Automobile tires incorporating the silane-functionalized resins are shown to possess excellent results in balancing the properties of rolling resistance, tire wear, and wet braking performance.

Polar silane linkers are provided that attach to resins to form silane-functionalized resins. The functionalized resins can be bound to hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica particles to improve the dispersibility of the silica particles in rubber mixtures. Further disclosed are synthetic routes to provide the silane-functionalized resins, as well as various uses and end products that benefit from the unexpected properties of the silane-functionalized resins. Silane-functionalized resins impart remarkable properties on various rubber compositions, such as tires, belts, hoses, brakes, and the like. Automobile tires incorporating the silane-functionalized resins are shown to possess excellent results in balancing the properties of rolling resistance, tire wear, and wet braking performance.

The present disclosure relates to a rubber composition and a method of preparing the same, the rubber composition comprising a viscosity modifier and a modified polymer having a structure in which a molecular weight regulator is coupled to at least one of both ends of an at least partially hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated petroleum resin. The rubber composition according to the present disclosure has improved processability and thus may replace process oil, and may markedly improve gas impermeability.

The present disclosure relates to a rubber composition and a method of preparing the same, the rubber composition comprising a viscosity modifier and a modified polymer having a structure in which a molecular weight regulator is coupled to at least one of both ends of an at least partially hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated petroleum resin. The rubber composition according to the present disclosure has improved processability and thus may replace process oil, and may markedly improve gas impermeability.

The application relates to methods for manufacturing an object from a powder by selective sintering. More particularly, the methods described herein involve the step of selecting a polymer wherein the density of the crystalline phase of said polymer is equal to or lower than the density of the amorphous phase of said polymer.

The present invention relates to a catalyst composition including an oxonium ion-based catalyst and an additive, and a method for preparing a hydrocarbon resin using the same.

The present invention relates to a catalyst composition including an oxonium ion-based catalyst and an additive, and a method for preparing a hydrocarbon resin using the same.

A Brønsted-Lowry acid initiator system for cationic polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer involves an initiator having a structure of Formula (I) in an anhydrous polymerization medium: ##STR00001## where: M is tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V) or niobium (Nb); R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are independently H, F, Cl, Br, I, alkyl or aryl, or two or more of R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 on a same benzene ring are taken together to form a bicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic moiety with the benzene ring, with the proviso that all of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 on the same benzene ring are not H; L is absent or a molecule that coordinates to H.sup.+; and, x is 0 when L is absent, or x is 0.5 or more when L is present.

A Brønsted-Lowry acid initiator system for cationic polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer involves an initiator having a structure of Formula (I) in an anhydrous polymerization medium: ##STR00001## where: M is tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V) or niobium (Nb); R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are independently H, F, Cl, Br, I, alkyl or aryl, or two or more of R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 on a same benzene ring are taken together to form a bicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic moiety with the benzene ring, with the proviso that all of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 on the same benzene ring are not H; L is absent or a molecule that coordinates to H.sup.+; and, x is 0 when L is absent, or x is 0.5 or more when L is present.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a method of synthesizing a polymer comprising contacting a first monomer and an organolithium initiator in a nonpolar solvent and adding a promoter to the nonpolar solvent to polymerize the first monomer. Embodiments of the present disclosure further describe a method of synthesizing a polymer comprising contacting a first monomer and an organolithium initiator in a nonpolar solvent, adding a promoter to the nonpolar solvent to polymerize the first monomer, and adding a second monomer to the nonpolar solvent to polymerize the second monomer.