New compositions of tissue-equivalent three-dimensional polymer gel dosimeters based on acrylamide (AAm), N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), N-(Hydroxymethyl)acrylamide (NHMA), diacetone acrylamide (DAAM) and N-Vinylcaprolactam (NVCL) monomer with ethylene glycol co-solvent have been introduced in this invention for radiotherapy dosimetry. The dosimeter was irradiated with 6 and 15 MV linear accelerator at absorbed doses up to 10 Gy. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin-spin relaxation rate (R.sub.2) for water proton surrounding polymer formation was used to investigate the degree of polymerization of the five gels. The effect of additives, dose rate, radiation energy, stability of the polymerization after irradiation, were investigated on the dose response of the gels.

New compositions of tissue-equivalent three-dimensional polymer gel dosimeters based on acrylamide (AAm), N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), N-(Hydroxymethyl)acrylamide (NHMA), diacetone acrylamide (DAAM) and N-Vinylcaprolactam (NVCL) monomer with ethylene glycol co-solvent have been introduced in this invention for radiotherapy dosimetry. The dosimeter was irradiated with 6 and 15 MV linear accelerator at absorbed doses up to 10 Gy. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin-spin relaxation rate (R.sub.2) for water proton surrounding polymer formation was used to investigate the degree of polymerization of the five gels. The effect of additives, dose rate, radiation energy, stability of the polymerization after irradiation, were investigated on the dose response of the gels.

Described herein are methods and compositions for forming three-dimensional objects via material jetting processes, the methods including the repeated steps of selectively depositing a liquid thermoset material onto a surface from a nozzle of at least one jetting head in a first specified direction and exposing at least a portion of the liquid thermoset material to a source of actinic radiation in order to form a three-dimensional object from the cured thermoset material, wherein the jetting head is configured to eject droplets of the liquid thermoset material from the nozzle at prescribed elevated operating temperatures, and wherein the liquid thermoset material is chosen so as to possessing prescribed viscosity and rheological characteristics.

Embossing resins, methods of manufacturing such resins, and electrokinetic display system, which includes display cells containing such resins. The resins include a fluoropolymer in weight percentage 5%-60%, a difunctional diluent in weight percentage 0-30%, a monofunctional diluent in weight percentage 0-40%, a urethane diacrylate or functionalized nanoscale material, e.g., a functionalized urethane material, in weight percentage 5-50%, a photoinitiator in weight percentage 0.5-5%, and a surfactant in weight percentage less than 0.5%. The difunctional diluent may be Hexanediol Diacrylate, and the monofunctional diluent may be a monofunctional hydrocarbon. The resins are made by identifying a target index of refraction for a cured state thereof, and combining together, by weight percentage, the constituent components to produce the liquid state version of the embossing resin having a desired composite index of refraction.

Embossing resins, methods of manufacturing such resins, and electrokinetic display system, which includes display cells containing such resins. The resins include a fluoropolymer in weight percentage 5%-60%, a difunctional diluent in weight percentage 0-30%, a monofunctional diluent in weight percentage 0-40%, a urethane diacrylate or functionalized nanoscale material, e.g., a functionalized urethane material, in weight percentage 5-50%, a photoinitiator in weight percentage 0.5-5%, and a surfactant in weight percentage less than 0.5%. The difunctional diluent may be Hexanediol Diacrylate, and the monofunctional diluent may be a monofunctional hydrocarbon. The resins are made by identifying a target index of refraction for a cured state thereof, and combining together, by weight percentage, the constituent components to produce the liquid state version of the embossing resin having a desired composite index of refraction.

A resin composition including: a magnetic fluid that includes magnetic particles, a dispersant, and a dispersion medium; and a resin or precursor thereof that includes, in a molecule thereof, at least one partial structure selected from the group consisting of a diene skeleton, a silicone skeleton, a urethane skeleton, a 4- to 7-membered ring lactone skeleton, an alkyl group having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms and an alkylene group having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a production method thereof, a resin composition molded body obtained by using the resin composition, and a production method thereof.

A resin composition including: a magnetic fluid that includes magnetic particles, a dispersant, and a dispersion medium; and a resin or precursor thereof that includes, in a molecule thereof, at least one partial structure selected from the group consisting of a diene skeleton, a silicone skeleton, a urethane skeleton, a 4- to 7-membered ring lactone skeleton, an alkyl group having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms and an alkylene group having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a production method thereof, a resin composition molded body obtained by using the resin composition, and a production method thereof.

Ceramic slurries may include ceramic particles, a photoreactive-photostable hybrid binder, and a photoinitiator. The photoreactive-photostable hybrid binder may include a photoreactive organic resin component, a photoreactive siloxane component, and one or more photostable siloxane components. Methods of forming a ceramic part may include curing a portion of a ceramic slurry by exposing the portion of the ceramic slurry to light to form a green ceramic part, and partially firing the green ceramic part to form a brown ceramic part. The brown ceramic part may be sintered at or above a sintering temperature of the ceramic particles to form a ceramic part, wherein sintering includes heating the brown ceramic part to a sufficient temperature to promote reaction bonding that converts silica from the photoreactive-photostable hybrid binder into silicates that bond with the ceramic particles.

Curable compositions, cured compositions, articles containing the curable or cured compositions, and methods of making the articles are provided. More particularly, the curable compositions contain a (meth)acrylate-based polymer having pendant (meth)acryloyl groups, at least one monomer having a single ethylenically unsaturated group, a photoinitiator that includes an acyl phosphine oxide, and a thixotropic agent. The curable compositions can be printed or dispensed, if desired, and the cured compositions are pressure-sensitive adhesives.

The invention relates to an ink based on near-infrared light polymerization. The method and technology of direct writing three-dimensional printing belong to the field of material processing technology area. The method is: direct writing nozzles move in three-dimensional space or stationery, the ink is squeezed out of the direct writing nozzle, receiving the near-infrared light irradiation, after curing, complete the three-dimensional object forming and curing. The solidifying time t does not exceed the ratio of near-infrared light diameter d.sub.1 and the ink extrusion speed vi, that is, t≤d.sub.1/v.sub.i. Since near-infrared light has a better medium mass penetration, can penetrate the structure during molding to promote both internal and external to a higher degree of curing, so as to achieve cross-scale structure 3D printing, and the method provided by the present invention accurately controls solidifying process of the ink and therefore achieve the DIW array 3D structure real-time curing.