A solid catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins CH.sub.2═CHR, wherein R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical with 1-12 carbon atoms, made from or containing Mg, Ti, Bi, a halogen and an electron donor.

A solid catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins CH.sub.2═CHR, wherein R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical with 1-12 carbon atoms, made from or containing Mg, Ti, Bi, a halogen and an electron donor.

One aspect of the invention includes a glass powder for a chemical polymerization initiator, the glass powder including aluminum, silicon, and at least one of copper or vanadium.

Vanadium phosphinic complex having general formula (I) or (II): V(X)M3P̂WFys-nMO V(X)3[(R3)2P(R4)P(R3)2] (ID wherein: X represents an anion selected from halogens such as, for example, chlorine, bromine, iodine, preferably chlorine; or is selected from the following groups: thiocyanate, isocyanate, sulfate, acid sulfate, phosphate, acid phosphate, carboxylate, dicarboxylate; Ri, identical or different among them, represent a hydrogen atom, or an allyl group (CH2=CH—CH2-); or are selected from alkyl groups CrC2o, preferably CrĈ, linear or branched, optionally halogenated, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups; —n is an integer ranging from 0 to 3; R2, identical or different among them, are selected from optionally substituted aryl groups; R3, identical or different among them, represent a hydrogen atom, or an allyl group (CH2=CH—CH2-); or are selected from alkyl groups C1-C2o, preferably CrĈ, linear or branched, optionally halogenated, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups; R4 represents a group —NR5 wherein R5 represents a hydrogen atom, or is selected from C1-C20 alkyl groups, preferably CrC15, linear or branched; or R4 represents an alkylene group —(CH2) p- wherein p represents an integer ranging from 1 to 5; provided that in the general formula (I), in case n is equal to 1 and Ri is methyl, R2 is different from phenyl. Said phosphinic vanadium complex having general formula (I) or (II) can be advantageously used in a catalytic system for the (co)polymerization of conjugated dienes.

Vanadium phosphinic complex having general formula (I) or (II):

V(X).sub.3[P(R.sub.1).sub.n(R.sub.2).sub.3-n].sub.2  (I)

V(X).sub.3[(R.sub.3).sub.2P(R.sub.4)P(R.sub.3).sub.2]  (II)

wherein: X represents an anion selected from halogens; or is selected from the following groups: thiocyanate, isocyanate, sulfate, acid sulfate, phosphate, acid phosphate, carboxylate, dicarboxylate; R.sub.1, identical or different among them, represent a hydrogen atom, or an allyl group (CH.sub.2═CH—CH.sub.2—); or are selected from alkyl groups C.sub.1-C.sub.20, linear or branched, optionally halogenated, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups; n is an integer ranging from 0 to 3; R.sub.2, identical or different among them, are selected from optionally substituted aryl groups; R.sub.3, identical or different among them, represent a hydrogen atom, or an allyl group (CH.sub.2═CH—CH.sub.2—); or are selected from alkyl groups C.sub.1-C.sub.20, linear or branched, optionally halogenated, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups; R.sub.4 represents a group —NR.sub.5 wherein R.sub.5 represents a hydrogen atom, or is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl groups, linear or branched; or R.sub.4 represents an alkylene group —(CH.sub.2)p- wherein p represents an integer ranging from 1 to 5;
provided that in the general formula (I), in case n is equal to 1 and R.sub.1 is methyl, R.sub.2 is different from phenyl.
Said phosphinic vanadium complex having general formula (I) or (II) can be advantageously used in a catalytic system for the (co)polymerization of conjugated dienes.

Vanadium phosphinic complex having general formula (I) or (II):

V(X).sub.3[P(R.sub.1).sub.n(R.sub.2).sub.3-n].sub.2  (I)

V(X).sub.3[(R.sub.3).sub.2P(R.sub.4)P(R.sub.3).sub.2]  (II)

wherein: X represents an anion selected from halogens; or is selected from the following groups: thiocyanate, isocyanate, sulfate, acid sulfate, phosphate, acid phosphate, carboxylate, dicarboxylate; R.sub.1, identical or different among them, represent a hydrogen atom, or an allyl group (CH.sub.2═CH—CH.sub.2—); or are selected from alkyl groups C.sub.1-C.sub.20, linear or branched, optionally halogenated, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups; n is an integer ranging from 0 to 3; R.sub.2, identical or different among them, are selected from optionally substituted aryl groups; R.sub.3, identical or different among them, represent a hydrogen atom, or an allyl group (CH.sub.2═CH—CH.sub.2—); or are selected from alkyl groups C.sub.1-C.sub.20, linear or branched, optionally halogenated, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups; R.sub.4 represents a group —NR.sub.5 wherein R.sub.5 represents a hydrogen atom, or is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl groups, linear or branched; or R.sub.4 represents an alkylene group —(CH.sub.2)p- wherein p represents an integer ranging from 1 to 5;
provided that in the general formula (I), in case n is equal to 1 and R.sub.1 is methyl, R.sub.2 is different from phenyl.
Said phosphinic vanadium complex having general formula (I) or (II) can be advantageously used in a catalytic system for the (co)polymerization of conjugated dienes.

The present invention relates to a crosslinking agent for polymeric systems, which crosslinking agent comprises elemental sulfur, phenolic resin, thiazole disulfide compounds and metal salts based on thiocarbamates, and to the use thereof in vehicle manufacture.

A Brønsted-Lowry acid initiator system for cationic polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer involves an initiator having a structure of Formula (I) in an anhydrous polymerization medium: ##STR00001## where: M is tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V) or niobium (Nb); R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are independently H, F, Cl, Br, I, alkyl or aryl, or two or more of R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 on a same benzene ring are taken together to form a bicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic moiety with the benzene ring, with the proviso that all of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 on the same benzene ring are not H; L is absent or a molecule that coordinates to H.sup.+; and, x is 0 when L is absent, or x is 0.5 or more when L is present.

A Brønsted-Lowry acid initiator system for cationic polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer involves an initiator having a structure of Formula (I) in an anhydrous polymerization medium: ##STR00001## where: M is tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V) or niobium (Nb); R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are independently H, F, Cl, Br, I, alkyl or aryl, or two or more of R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 on a same benzene ring are taken together to form a bicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic moiety with the benzene ring, with the proviso that all of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 on the same benzene ring are not H; L is absent or a molecule that coordinates to H.sup.+; and, x is 0 when L is absent, or x is 0.5 or more when L is present.

A Brønsted-Lowry acid initiator system for cationic polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer involves an initiator having a structure of Formula (I) in an anhydrous polymerization medium: ##STR00001## where: M is tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V) or niobium (Nb); R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are independently H, F, Cl, Br, I, alkyl or aryl, or two or more of R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 on a same benzene ring are taken together to form a bicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic moiety with the benzene ring, with the proviso that all of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 on the same benzene ring are not H; L is absent or a molecule that coordinates to H.sup.+; and, x is 0 when L is absent, or x is 0.5 or more when L is present.