The present invention provides a class of halogen-containing synthetic base oils, and preparation method and use thereof. The synthetic base oils have introduced with halogen, especially fluorine, wherein the dipole motion of the halogen groups results in dipole interaction between the dipoles of other components and the base oil molecules of dipole-dipole and dipole-induced halogen (especially fluorine), and the interaction force is stronger and more localized than the dispersion force between the molecules of pure hydrocarbon synthetic oils, and thus the performance of the base oils is directly affected. It solved the problem of oil solubility of pure hydrocarbon synthetic oils, and also improved the properties of oxidation resistance and thermal stability.

The present invention provides a class of halogen-containing synthetic base oils, and preparation method and use thereof. The synthetic base oils have introduced with halogen, especially fluorine, wherein the dipole motion of the halogen groups results in dipole interaction between the dipoles of other components and the base oil molecules of dipole-dipole and dipole-induced halogen (especially fluorine), and the interaction force is stronger and more localized than the dispersion force between the molecules of pure hydrocarbon synthetic oils, and thus the performance of the base oils is directly affected. It solved the problem of oil solubility of pure hydrocarbon synthetic oils, and also improved the properties of oxidation resistance and thermal stability.

A polymer includes: structural units A derived from at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene and propylene; structural units B represented by a formula (1) below; and structural units C represented by a formula (2) below. In the formula (1), L.sup.16 represents —(CH.sub.2).sub.n—(R.sup.f2O).sub.p—R.sup.f1, R.sup.f1 represents a C.sub.1-15 alkyl group having one or more hydrogen atoms thereof substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, R.sup.f2 represents a C.sub.1-15 alkylene group having one or more hydrogen atoms thereof substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, p represents an integer of 0 to 15, and n represents an integer of 0 to 10. In the formula (2), L.sup.26 represents —(CH.sub.2).sub.n— (R.sup.r2O).sub.q—R.sup.r1, R.sup.r1 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-15 alkyl group, R.sup.r2 represents a C.sub.1-15 alkylene group, q represents an integer of 0 to 1000000, and n represents an integer of 0 to 10.

##STR00001##

A polymer includes: structural units A derived from at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene and propylene; structural units B represented by a formula (1) below; and structural units C represented by a formula (2) below. In the formula (1), L.sup.16 represents —(CH.sub.2).sub.n—(R.sup.f2O).sub.p—R.sup.f1, R.sup.f1 represents a C.sub.1-15 alkyl group having one or more hydrogen atoms thereof substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, R.sup.f2 represents a C.sub.1-15 alkylene group having one or more hydrogen atoms thereof substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, p represents an integer of 0 to 15, and n represents an integer of 0 to 10. In the formula (2), L.sup.26 represents —(CH.sub.2).sub.n— (R.sup.r2O).sub.q—R.sup.r1, R.sup.r1 represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-15 alkyl group, R.sup.r2 represents a C.sub.1-15 alkylene group, q represents an integer of 0 to 1000000, and n represents an integer of 0 to 10.

##STR00001##

The present application relates to a field of a flame retardant polystyrene, and specifically discloses a preparation method for a flame retardant polystyrene. The preparation method for a flame retardant polystyrene includes the following steps: predissolving a brominated flame retardant containing a first active functional group in a reaction system of a styrene monomer to form a homogeneous solution; then, performing an end capping reaction by an olefin monomer containing a second active functional group to introduce a double bond at an end of the brominated flame retardant, so that it can be bonded to a polystyrene molecular chain by copolymerizing; performing a prepolymerization in a reactor to obtain a prepolymer; performing a post polymerization in the reactor or by extruding, to obtain a special material or a flame retardant masterbatch of the flame retardant polystyrene.

The present application relates to a field of a flame retardant polystyrene, and specifically discloses a preparation method for a flame retardant polystyrene. The preparation method for a flame retardant polystyrene includes the following steps: predissolving a brominated flame retardant containing a first active functional group in a reaction system of a styrene monomer to form a homogeneous solution; then, performing an end capping reaction by an olefin monomer containing a second active functional group to introduce a double bond at an end of the brominated flame retardant, so that it can be bonded to a polystyrene molecular chain by copolymerizing; performing a prepolymerization in a reactor to obtain a prepolymer; performing a post polymerization in the reactor or by extruding, to obtain a special material or a flame retardant masterbatch of the flame retardant polystyrene.

The present invention discloses novel calibrants containing between 1 and 5 iodine atoms and methods of making them using linear polymers, hyperbranched polymers, and biological polymers (including but not limited to proteins and peptides.) Methods of using the calibrants are also disclosed, such as mass spectrometry. The novel calibrants disclosed herein have a more cost- and time-efficient synthesis than other calibrants.

The present invention discloses novel calibrants containing between 1 and 5 iodine atoms and methods of making them using linear polymers, hyperbranched polymers, and biological polymers (including but not limited to proteins and peptides.) Methods of using the calibrants are also disclosed, such as mass spectrometry. The novel calibrants disclosed herein have a more cost- and time-efficient synthesis than other calibrants.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.