One aspect of this invention is a novel functional polymer having a polydispersity from 1 to about 1.12 comprising at least one reactive moiety, selected from a moiety comprising at least one N-coordinative functional group having at least one lone pair of electrons, a moiety comprising a dialkylsilyl group, or a mixture of both groups, wherein said reactive moiety is present in said functional styrenic polymer either on a repeat unit, on an end group or on both, and said N-coordinative functional group is either a monodentate N-coordinative functional group, a polydendate N-coordinative group or a mixture of thereof, and said monodentate coordinative functional group is an azide moiety (—N.sub.3) or a cyano moiety (—CN). Another aspect of this invention is the use of these novel polymer to selectively deposit a DSA directing layer on a metallic substrate.

An object is to provide a chlorinated polyolefin resin composition being superior in adhesion, solution stability, and chipping resistance. The chlorinated polyolefin resin composition contains a component (A): a polyolefin resin A having a melting point (Tm.sub.A) obtained with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) in the range of 90 to 160° C., and a component (B): a polyolefin resin B having a melting point (Tm.sub.B) obtained with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) in the range of 50 to 130° C., at least any one of the component (A) and the component (B), or a copolymer thereof being a chlorinated polyolefin resin (where |Tm.sub.A−Tm.sub.B|≥5° C.).

An object is to provide a chlorinated polyolefin resin composition being superior in adhesion, solution stability, and chipping resistance. The chlorinated polyolefin resin composition contains a component (A): a polyolefin resin A having a melting point (Tm.sub.A) obtained with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) in the range of 90 to 160° C., and a component (B): a polyolefin resin B having a melting point (Tm.sub.B) obtained with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) in the range of 50 to 130° C., at least any one of the component (A) and the component (B), or a copolymer thereof being a chlorinated polyolefin resin (where |Tm.sub.A−Tm.sub.B|≥5° C.).

An object is to provide a chlorinated polyolefin resin composition being superior in adhesion, solution stability, and chipping resistance. The chlorinated polyolefin resin composition contains a component (A): a polyolefin resin A having a melting point (Tm.sub.A) obtained with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) in the range of 90 to 160° C., and a component (B): a polyolefin resin B having a melting point (Tm.sub.B) obtained with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) in the range of 50 to 130° C., at least any one of the component (A) and the component (B), or a copolymer thereof being a chlorinated polyolefin resin (where |Tm.sub.A−Tm.sub.B|≥5° C.).

A modified vinyl alcohol-based polymer includes a polyoxyalkylene unit, and an organic acid unit bonded to a polyvinyl alcohol chain, the polyoxyalkylene unit includes a moiety represented by the general formula (I), the moiety being bonded to the polyvinyl alcohol chain only via an ether bond and/or a carbon-carbon bond, wherein a ratio of a number of moles of monomer units bonded to the polyoxyalkylene unit to a total number of moles of the monomer units constituting the polyvinyl alcohol chain of the modified vinyl alcohol-based polymer is 0.01 mol % to 5 mol %, and a ratio of a number of moles of the organic acid unit to the total number of moles of the monomer units constituting the polyvinyl alcohol chain of the modified vinyl alcohol-based polymer is 0.1 mol % to 10 mol %.

A modified vinyl alcohol-based polymer includes a polyoxyalkylene unit, and an organic acid unit bonded to a polyvinyl alcohol chain, the polyoxyalkylene unit includes a moiety represented by the general formula (I), the moiety being bonded to the polyvinyl alcohol chain only via an ether bond and/or a carbon-carbon bond, wherein a ratio of a number of moles of monomer units bonded to the polyoxyalkylene unit to a total number of moles of the monomer units constituting the polyvinyl alcohol chain of the modified vinyl alcohol-based polymer is 0.01 mol % to 5 mol %, and a ratio of a number of moles of the organic acid unit to the total number of moles of the monomer units constituting the polyvinyl alcohol chain of the modified vinyl alcohol-based polymer is 0.1 mol % to 10 mol %.

A system for halogenating olefinic-based elastomer, the system comprising a first extruder, a first kneader vessel downstream of said first extruder and in fluid communication with said first extruder, a second extruder downstream of said first kneader vessel and in fluid communication with said first kneader vessel, a second kneader vessel downstream of said second extruder and in fluid communication with said second extruder; and a third extruder downstream of said second kneader vessel and in fluid communication with said second kneader vessel.

A system for halogenating olefinic-based elastomer, the system comprising a first extruder, a first kneader vessel downstream of said first extruder and in fluid communication with said first extruder, a second extruder downstream of said first kneader vessel and in fluid communication with said first kneader vessel, a second kneader vessel downstream of said second extruder and in fluid communication with said second extruder; and a third extruder downstream of said second kneader vessel and in fluid communication with said second kneader vessel.

Quaternary ammonium tribromides and quaternary phosphonium tribromides are recovered from an organic solvent by washing with an aqueous hydrazine solution. The hydrazine reacts to form nitrogen, hydrobromic acid and a quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium monobromide. The hydrobromic acid and quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium migrate to the aqueous phase, thereby effecting the removal of the tribromides from the organic solvent. The hydrobromic acid can be neutralized with a quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium hydroxide to produce a quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium monobromide. The monobromides produced can be reacted with elemental bromine to regenerate a tribromide brominating agent.

Quaternary ammonium tribromides and quaternary phosphonium tribromides are recovered from an organic solvent by washing with an aqueous hydrazine solution. The hydrazine reacts to form nitrogen, hydrobromic acid and a quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium monobromide. The hydrobromic acid and quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium migrate to the aqueous phase, thereby effecting the removal of the tribromides from the organic solvent. The hydrobromic acid can be neutralized with a quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium hydroxide to produce a quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium monobromide. The monobromides produced can be reacted with elemental bromine to regenerate a tribromide brominating agent.